Theoretical Modeling and Experimental Characterization of Fiber-Matrix Interface in Advanced Composites
Abstract
In this paper, a recently developed revolutionary approach to material characterization for application to the development of advanced composite materials is presented. A methodology of fiber-matrix interface characterization has been recently developed based on the shear back reflectivity technique. This new methodology uses ultrasonic waves to nondestructively evaluate the interfacial elastic properties at a localized level. This new approach is nondestructive in nature in contrast to traditional destructive characterization techniques which are costly, time consuming, tedious and which also render the samples unusable for other experiments. Based on this interface characterization methodology, an original, unique, innovative method of imaging fiber microcracking has been developed to augment standard experiments such as fiber fragmentation, transverse loading, fiber-push tests, etc., conducted by scientists developing advanced composites. This provides critical information to materials researchers for micro-mechanics modeling studies to evaluate fracture and fatigue behavior of composites. Further, the methodology is used to assist and enhance the traditional experiments such as fiber fragmentation tests for interfacial shear load transfer behavior studies, fiber push tests for interfacial factional and fracture behavior studies, transverse loading tests for interfacial stress at fracture, etc. Thus, the nondestructive ultrasonic technique has been shown here to extend the horizons of material behavior studies by providing new information obtained during in situ testing or in an interrupted mode. Moreover, the new technique alleviate the need for traditional destructive characterization work such as optical metallography. The entirely new information provided by this breakthrough technique is now extensively used by materials behavior groups at the WL / Materials Directorate (WL/ML) for determination of the basic mechanisms of damage in composites to improve both the processing and the reliability of the experimental characterization of the materials.
Keywords
Metal Matrix Composite Ultrasonic Image Fiber Break Green Tape Advanced Composite MaterialPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
- 1.T.E. Matikas, P. Karpur, “Ultrasonic Reflectivity Technique for the Characterization of Fiber-Matrix Interface in Metal Matrix Composites”, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 74(1), pp. 228–236, (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 2.T.E. Matikas, P. Karpur, “Micro-mechanics Approach to Characterize Interfaces in Metal and Ceramic Matrix Composites”, D.O. Thompson, D.E. Chimenti, Eds., 20th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, Vol. 13B, pp. 1477–1484, (Plenum, Brunswick, Maine, 1993).Google Scholar
- 3.N.J. Pagano and R.Y. Kim, “Progressive Microcracking in Unidirectional Brittle Matrix Composites,” presented at 1993 Winter Annual Meeting of ASME, New Orleans, LA. 28 Nov.–3 Dec, 1993.Google Scholar
- 4.N.J. Pagano and H.W. Brown III, “The full cell cracking mode in unidirectional brittle-matrix composites,” COMPOSITES, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp 69–83, 1993.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 5.A.K. Kaw and N.J. Pagano, “Axisymmetric Thermoelastic Response of a Composite Cylinder Containing an Annular Matrix Crack,” J. Comp, Mat., Vol. 27, No. 6, 1993.Google Scholar
- 6.N.J. Pagano and Ran Y. Kim, “Crack Initiation in Unidirectional Brittle-Matrix Composites,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., Vol 74, No. 5, pp. 1082–1090, 1991.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 7.N.J. Pagano, R.E. Dutton, R.Y. Kim, P. Karpur, and T.E. Matikas, “Influence Of The Fiber-Matrix Interface On The Micro-Cracking In Unidirectional Glass Matrix Composites”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Composites Engineering (ICCE/1), pp. 387-388, (New Orleans, 1994).Google Scholar
- 8.Kelly, A and Tyson, W.R., “Tensile Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Metals: Copper/Tungsten and Copper/Molybdenum”, J. Mech. Phys. Solids, Vol. 13, pp. 329–350, (1965).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 9.Waterbury, M.C., Drzal, L.T. “On the Determination of Fiber Strengths by In Situ Fiber Strength Testing”, J. of Composites Technology & Research, Vol. 13(1), pp. 22–28, Spring 1991.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 10.P. Karpur, T.E. Matikas, S. Krishnamurthy, “Matrix-Fiber Interface Characterization in Metal Matrix Composites Using Ultrasonic Imaging of Fiber Fragmentation”, Am. Soc. for Composites Seventh Technical Conference on Composite Materials, Mechanics and Processing, Vol. 1, pp. 420–427, (Technomic Publishing Inc., Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 1992).Google Scholar
- 11.M.C. Waterburry, P. Karpur, T.E. Matikas, and S. Krishnamurthy, In-situ Observation of the Single Fiber Fragmentation Process in Metal Matrix Composites by Ultrasonic Imaging, Composites Science and Technology, (1994), in print.Google Scholar
- 12.T.E. Matikas, P. Karpur, N.J. Pagano, S. Hu, and L. Shaw, “In-Situ Characterization of Failure Strength of Fiber-Matrix Interface in Metal Matrix Composites Reinforced by SCS Series Fibers”, to be published in the Proceedings of Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, Aspen, Colorado, July 31–August 5, 1994, D.O. Thompson, D.E. Chimenti, Eds., Vol. 14, Plenum Press.Google Scholar