A Developmental Model of Self-Inflicted Injury, Borderline Personality, and Suicide Risk

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Abstract

Self-injurious behaviors, including nonsuicidal self-injury and suicide attempts, have long been of interest to social scientists. Although self-inflicted injury is the single best predictor of eventual suicide, and is engaged in by many who develop borderline personality disorder, existing models are primarily descriptive. We present an etiological model of self-inflicted injury, borderline personality development, and suicide risk in which specific biological vulnerabilities (genetic, neurobiological) interact with environmental risk factors (family coercion, invalidation, peer group contagion) to increase the likelihood of self-injury. This model emphasizes both trait impulsivity, which is almost entirely heritable, and emotion dysregulation, which is largely socialized, in promoting self-injury as a coping mechanism for intrapersonally overwhelming negative affect. Alone, neither trait impulsivity nor emotion dysregulation are sufficient to result in self-injury. In combination, however, they likely comprise a primary pathway to self-injury, borderline personality development, and suicide risk.

Keywords

Borderline Personality Disorder Suicidal Behavior Suicide Rate Suicide Risk Emotion Dysregulation 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  • Christina M. Derbidge
    • 1
  • Theodore P. Beauchaine
    • 2
  1. 1.George E. Wahlen, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSalt Lake CityUSA
  2. 2.Department of PsychologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusUSA

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