Pell and Pell–Lucas Polynomials

  • Thomas Koshy
Chapter

Abstract

Pell numbers and Pell–Lucas numbers are specific values of Pell polynomials p n (x) and Pell–Lucas polynomials q n (x), respectively. Both families were studied extensively in 1985 by A.F. Horadam of the University of New England, Armidale, Australia, and Bro. J.M. Mahon of the Catholic College of Education, Sydney, Australia [108]. Both families are often defined recursively:
$$\displaystyle\begin{array}{rcl} \begin{array}{llllllllll} p_{0}(x) & =&0,p_{1}(x) = 1 &&&&&q_{0}(x) & =&2,q_{1}(x) = 2x \\ p_{n}(x)& =&2xp_{n-1}(x) + p_{n-2}(x);&&&&&q_{n}(x)& =&2xq_{n-1}(x) + q_{n-2}(x),\end{array} & & {}\\ \end{array}$$
where n ≥ 3. The first ten Pell and Pell–Lucas polynomials are given in Table 14.1.

References

  1. 73.
    A. Dorp, Problem B-891, Fibonacci Quarterly 38 (2000), 85.Google Scholar
  2. 91.
    N. Gauthier, Problem H-720, Fibonacci quarterly 50 (2012), 280.MathSciNetGoogle Scholar
  3. 102.
    V.E. Hoggatt, Jr. Fibonacci and Lucas Numbers, The Fibonacci Association, Santa Clara, CA, 1969.MATHGoogle Scholar
  4. 108.
    A.F. Horadam and Bro. J.M. Mahon, Pell and Pell–Lucas Polynomials, Fibonacci Quarterly 23 (1985), 7–20.Google Scholar
  5. 126.
    T. Koshy, Fibonacci and Lucas Numbers with Applications, Wiley, New York, 2001.CrossRefMATHGoogle Scholar
  6. 211.
    H.-E. Seiffert, Problem H-548, Fibonacci Quarterly 37 (1999), 91.Google Scholar
  7. 212.
    H.-E. Seiffert, Solution to Problem H-548, Fibonacci Quarterly 38 (2000), 189–191.Google Scholar
  8. 213.
    H.-E. Seiffert, Problem B-902, Fibonacci Quarterly 38 (2000), 372.Google Scholar
  9. 214.
    H.-E. Seiffert, Solution to Problem B-891, Fibonacci Quarterly 38 (2000), 470–471.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  • Thomas Koshy
    • 1
  1. 1.Framingham State UniversityFraminghamUSA

Personalised recommendations