The Lacrimal Drainage System

  • Melvin H. Becker
Chapter

Abstract

There are several conditions involving the lacrimal drainage system that may require imaging techniques for diagnosis and management. The most common of these is epiphora, which is the abnormal overflow of tears and usually is secondary to obstruction of the passages. Other conditions that require study are diverticula, fistulae, masses in the area of or within the lumen of the lacrimal passages, persistent drainage or obstruction after surgery on the passages, and persistent canaliculitis.

Keywords

Nasolacrimal Duct Bony Canal Lacrimal Duct Lacrimal System Lacrimal Drainage System 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. 1.
    Moses RA (ed): Adler’s Physiology of the Eye, ed 7. St Louis, Toronto, London, CV Mosley, 1981, pp 16–37.Google Scholar
  2. 2.
    Agarwal ML, Geysta BP: Dacryocystography and lacrimal probing in cases of congenital obstruction of nasolacrimal duct. Ind J Ophthal 24:30–32, 1976.Google Scholar
  3. 3.
    Busse H, Muller KM, Kroll P: Radiological and histological findings of the lacrimal passages of newborns. Arch Ophthalmol 98:528–532, 1980.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    Campbell W: Radiology of the lacrimal system: Br J Radiol 37:1–26, 1964.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    Campbell W: Radiology of the lacrimal system. Int Ophthal Clin 4:399–441, 1964.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Carlton WH, Trueblook JH, Rossomondo RM: Clinical evaluation of microscintigraphy of the lacrimal drainage apparatus. J Nucl Med 14:89–92, 1973.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Chaudhuri TK, Saparoff GR, Dolan KD, et al: A comparative study of contrast dacryocystogram and nuclear dacryocystogram. J Nucl Med 16:605–608, 1974.Google Scholar
  8. 8.
    Chavis RM, Welham R, Maisey M: Quantitative lacrimal scintillography. Arch Ophthalmol 96:2066–2068, 1978.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. 9.
    Cohen SW, Sherman M, Schwartz GG, et al: Lacrimal outflow patency demonstrated by chemilu-minescence. Arch Ophthalmol 98:126–127, 1980.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Dayton GO Jr, Hanafee W: Lacrimal sac fistulas. Tr Am Ophth Soc 78:301–310, 1980.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    Demorest BH, Milder B: The pathologic lacrimal apparatus. Arch Ophthalmol 54:410–421, 1955.Google Scholar
  12. 12.
    Duke-Elder S, Wybar KC (eds): System of Ophthalmology: The Anatomy of the Visual System. St Louis, CV Mosley, 1961, vol II, pp 568–581.Google Scholar
  13. 13.
    Duke-Elder S, MacFaul PA (eds): System of Ophthalmology: The Ocular Adnexa Part II. St Louis, CV Mosley, 1974, vol XII, pp 675–773.Google Scholar
  14. 14.
    El Gammal T, Brooks BS: Amipaque dacryocystography. Radiology 141:541–542, 1981.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. 15.
    Eiferman RA: Fluoroscopy of the lacrimal system during intubation of contrast material. Am J Ophth 87:572–573, 1979.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. 16.
    Epstein E: Cine dacryocystography. Trans Ophthal Soc UK 81:284–287, 1961.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  17. 17.
    Ewing AE: Roentgen ray demonstration of the lacrimal abscess cavity. Am J Ophthal 26:1–4, 1909.Google Scholar
  18. 18.
    Ffooks OO: Dacryocystitis in infancy: Br J Ophthalmol 46:422–434, 1962.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. 19.
    Flack Q: The fluorescein appearance test for lacrimal obstruction. Ophthalmology 97:237–242, 1979.Google Scholar
  20. 20.
    Goldberg A, Hurwitz JJ: Congenital abnormalities of lacrimal drainage. Management of difficult cases. Canad J Ophthal 14:106–109, 1979.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  21. 21.
    Gullotta V von, Deuffer N von: Die dacryocystography. Forschr Roentgenstr 124:466–471, 1976.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. 22.
    Hartmann E, Gilles E: Roentgenologic Diagnosis in Ophthalmology. Philadelphia, Montreal, JB Lippin-cott, 1959, pp 166–186.Google Scholar
  23. 23.
    Hecht SD: Evaluation of the lacrimal drainage system. Ophthalmology 85:1250–1258, 1978.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  24. 24.
    Hornblass Q: A simple taste test for lacrimal obstruction. Arch Ophthalmol 90:435–436, 1973.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  25. 25.
    Hornblass A, Ingis TM: Lacrimal function tests. Arch Ophthalmol 97:1654–1655, 1979.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  26. 26.
    Hourn GE: X-ray visualization of the nasolacrimal duct. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 46:962–975, 1937.Google Scholar
  27. 27.
    Hurwitz JJ, Maisey MN, Welham RA: Quantitative lacrimal scintillography. I. Method and physiological application. Br J Ophthal 59:308–312, 1975.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. 28.
    Hurwitz JJ, Maisey MN, Welham RA: Quantitative lacrimal scintillography. II. Lacrimal pathology. Br J Ophthal 59:313–322, 1975.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. 29.
    Hurwitz JJ, Welham RA: Radiography in functional lacrimal testing. Br J Ophthal 59:323–331, 1975.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  30. 30.
    Iba GB, Hanafee WN: Distention dacryocystography. Radiology 90:1020–1022, 1968.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  31. 31.
    Ingis TM, Hornblass A: Lacrimal function tests: A comparative study. Otolaryngol Ophthalmol Surg 28:516–517, 1977.Google Scholar
  32. 32.
    Johansen JG, Udnaes I: Dacryocystography with amipaque (metrizamide). Acta Ophthalmol 55:683–687, 1977.Google Scholar
  33. 33.
    Jones LT: The cure of epiphora due to canalicular disorders, trauma and surgical failures on the lacrimal passages. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 66:506–524, 1962.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  34. 34.
    Jones LT: Orbital anatomy, in Smith B, Converse JM (eds): Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of the Eye and Adnexa. St Louis, CV Mosley, 1967, pp 30–45.Google Scholar
  35. 35.
    Jones LT, Linn ML: The diagnosis of causes of epiphora. Am J Ophthalmol 67:751–754, 1969.Google Scholar
  36. 36.
    Koszczynski Z, Nowicka L: Radiologiczne badanie morfologiczne oraz czynnosciowe, w Przypadkach niedroznosci drog Eowych. Pol Przegl Radiol 32:701–703, 1968.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  37. 37.
    Linn ML, Jones LT: Rate of lacrimal excretion of ophthalmic vehicles. Am J Ophthalmol 65:76–80, 1968.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  38. 38.
    Lipsius E: Sodium saccharine for testing patency of the lacrimal passages. Am J Ophthalmol 41:320, 1956.Google Scholar
  39. 39.
    Lloyd GAS, Welham RAN: Subtraction macro-dacryocystography. Br J Radiol 47:379–382, 1974.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  40. 40.
    Milder B, Demorest BH: Dacryocystography. I: The normal lacrimal apparatus. Arch Ophthalmol 51:180–195, 1954.Google Scholar
  41. 41.
    Milder B: Dacryocystography in planning treatment of the lacrimal excretory system, in Veirs ER (ed): The Lacrimal System. Proceedings of the First International Symposium. St Louis, CV Mosley, 1971, pp 81–97.Google Scholar
  42. 42.
    Montanara A, Ciabattoni P, Rizzo P: Stenosis and functional disorders of the lacrimal drainage apparatus. Radiological examination. Surv Ophthal 23:249–258, 1979.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  43. 43.
    Montanara A, Catalino P, Gualdi M: Improved radiological technique for evaluating the lacrimal pathways with special emphasis on functional disorders. Acta Ophthal 57:547–563, 1979.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  44. 44.
    Pettit TH, Coin CC: Dacryocystography. Radiol Clin North Am 10:129–142, 1972.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  45. 45.
    Putterman AM: Dacryocystography with occluded common canaliculus. Am J Ophthal 76:1010–1012, 1973.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  46. 46.
    Raflo GT, Hurwitz JJ: Chemiluminescent evaluation of the human lacrimal outflow system. Canad J Ophthalmol 16:30–31, 1981.Google Scholar
  47. 47.
    Rodriguez HP, Kittleson AC: Distention dacryocystography. Radiology 109:317–321, 1973.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  48. 48.
    Rossomondo RM, Carlton WH, Trueblood JH, et al: A new method of evaluating lacrimal drainage. Arch Ophthalmol 88:523–525, 1972.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  49. 49.
    Saparoff GR, Chaudhuri T, Chandhuri T, et al: Nuclear lacrimal scan vs. dacryocystography. Tr Am Acad Ophthalmol Otol 81:566–579, 1976.Google Scholar
  50. 50.
    Sargent EN, Ebersole C: Dacryocystography: The use of Sinographin for visualization of the nasolacrimal passages. Am J Roentgenol 102:831–839, 1968.Google Scholar
  51. 51.
    Scott WE, Fabre JA, Ossining KC: Congenital mucocele of the lacrimal sac. Arch Ophthalmol 97:1656–1658, 1979.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  52. 52.
    Sorensen T, Taagehøj Jensen F: Methodological aspects of tear flow determination by means of a radioactive tracer. Acta. Ophthal. 55:726–737, 1977.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  53. 53.
    Sorensen T, Taagehøj Jensen F: Tear flow in normal human eyes, determination by means of radioisotope and gamma camera. Acta. Ophthal. 57:564–581, 1979.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  54. 54.
    Street DF, Howell MH: An alternative radiographic technique for macrodacryocystography. Br J Radiol 40:235–238, 1967.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  55. 55.
    Suckling RD: The natural history of congenital epiphora. N Z Med J 93:74–75, 1981.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  56. 56.
    Trokel SL, Potter GD: Kinetic dacryocystography. Am J Ophthal 70:1010–1011, 1970.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  57. 57.
    Veirs ER: Lacrimal disorders in infants and children, in Opt L (ed): Diagnostic Procedures in Pediatric Ophthalmology. Boston, Little Brown & Co, 1963, pp 213–221.Google Scholar
  58. 58.
    Whitnall SE: The Anatomy of the Human Orbit and Accessory Organs of Vision, ed 2. London, Edinburgh, Toronto, Oxford University Press, 1932, pp 208–252.Google Scholar
  59. 59.
    Wolff E: Anatomy of the Eye and Orbit, ed 7. Philadelphia, Toronto, WB Saunders, 1976, pp 226–237.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag New York, Inc. 1986

Authors and Affiliations

  • Melvin H. Becker

There are no affiliations available

Personalised recommendations