Modulation of Retrovirus DNA Polymerase Activity by Polynucleotides and their Analogs
Chapter
Abstract
Perhaps not as fundamental as the discovery of the DNA double helix, but most important to our understanding of the life cycle of retroviruses, has been the discovery of an RNA- dependent DNA polymerase (1,2), the reverse transcriptase. This was followed by another exciting discovery, that human leukemic cells possess an enzymic activity that biochemically resembles the DNA-polymerase activity associated with retroviruses (3). The latter discovery gave rise to the idea that retroviruses may be involved in human cancer. Immunological probing of reverse transcriptase has further contributed to our knowledge of the expression of retroviral information in human tumors (4–17). However, the recent discovery of human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV) in fresh and in cultured T-cells from a lymph node biopsy of a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is direct evidence that retroviruses are associated with human cancer, or at least with this particular type of leukemia (18,19)
Keywords
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Reverse Transcriptase Reaction Viral Enzyme Polycytidylic Acid Spleen Extract
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
- 1.Temin, M.H. and Mizutani,S.: Nature226, 1211, 1970PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 2.Baltimore, D.: Nature226, 1209, 1970PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 3.Gallo, R.C., Yang,S.S. and Ting, R.C.: Nature228, 927, 1970PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 4.Gallo, R.C., Gallagher, R.E., Miller, N.R., Mondal, H., Saxinger, W.C., Mayer, R.J., Smith, R.G. and Gillespie, D.H.: Cold Spring Harb. Symp.Quant.Biol39, 933, 1975Google Scholar
- 5.Chandra,PIn: Proceedings of the Xllth International Cancer Congress, Buenos Aires, Vol1, pp. 29, Pergamon Press,1978Google Scholar
- 6.Chandra, P.: Advances in Opthalmology38,234, 1979(Karger)Google Scholar
- 7.Chandra,PIn: Proceedings of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies, Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia (ed. P. Mildner), Vol61, p. 215. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1979Google Scholar
- 8.Chandra,P. and Steel, L.K.: Biochem.J. (Lond.)167, 513, 1977Google Scholar
- 9.Chandra, P., Balikcioglu, S. and Mildner, B.: Cancer Lett5, 299, 1978PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 10.Chandra, P., Steel, L.K. and Cavdar, A.OIn: Modern Trends in Human Leukemia (Edt. R. Neth et al.) volIII, p. 497, 1979. Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New YorkGoogle Scholar
- 11.Chandra,P., Steel, L.K., Laube, H. and Kornhuber, BIn: Antiviral Mechanisms in the Control of Neoplasia (Ed. P. Chandra), p. 177, 1979, Plenum Press, New YorkGoogle Scholar
- 12.Chandra, P., Steel., L.K,, Laube, H., Balikcioglu, S,, Ebener, U. and Welte,KIn: Proceedings of the 8th International symposium on the Biological Characterization of Human Tumors. Athens, vol5, p. 359, 1980, Excerpta Medica, AmsterdamGoogle Scholar
- 13.Welte,K., Ebener, U. and Chandra,P.: Cancer Lett7, 189, 1979PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 14.Chandra,P., Steel, L.K., Laube, H., Balikcioglu, S., Mildner, B., Ebener, U., Welte, K. and Vogel, A, In; Cold Spring Harb. Conference on Cell Proliferation (Viruses In Naturally Occuring Cancers) vol. 7, 775, 1980Google Scholar
- 15.Chandra,P., Balikcioglu, S. and Mildner, B,: Cell. and Mol. Biol27, 239, 1981Google Scholar
- 16.Chandra,P. : Editorial Revie, Survey of Immunologic Research, in pressGoogle Scholar
- 17.Ohno, T. and Splegelman, S. : Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.,USA74, 2144, 1977PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 18.Poiesz, B.J., Ruscetti, F.W., Gazdar, A.F., Bunn, P.A,, Minna, J.D. and Gallo, R.C.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., U.S.A77, 7415, 1980PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 19.Gallo, R.C. and Wong-Staal, F,: Blood (In press)Google Scholar
- 20.Chandra,P., Ebener,U., Steel, L.K., Laubef H., Gericke, D., Mildner,B., Bardos, T. J., Ho, Y.K. and Götz, A. ; Ann. N.Y., Acad. Sci.,284, 444 1977CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 21.Chandra, P., Steel, L.K., Ebener, U., Woltersdorf, M., Laube, H., Kornhuber, B., Mlldner, B. and Götz,A,.: Pharmacol., and Ther. A1, 231, 1977Google Scholar
- 22.Chandra, P., Steel, L.K., Ebener, U., Woltersdorf, M., Laube, H., Kornhuber, B., Mlldner, B. and Götz,A,.: Inhibitors of DNA and RNA polymerases (Edts. P.S., Sarin and R.C. Gallo), 47, Pergamon Press, Oxford,1980Google Scholar
- 23.Chandra,P., Demlrhan,I. and Ebener,UIn: Terminal Transferase In Immunobiology and Leukemia (Edts., U..Bertazzoni and F.J. Bollum) p.87, 1982, plenum Press, New YorkGoogle Scholar
- 24.Smith, R.G. and Gallo, R.C.: Life Sciences15, 1711, 1974PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 25.Chandra, P. and Bardos, T.J. Res. Commun. Chem. Path, and Pharmacol4, 615, 1972Google Scholar
- 26.Chandra, P., Ebener, U. and Götz, A.: FEBS-Lett53, 10, 1975PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 27.Chandra, PIn: Topics in Current Chemistry52, 99, 1974, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New YorkGoogle Scholar
- 28.Chandra,P., Ebener,U., Bardos, T.J., Gericke, D., Kornhuber, B. and Götz, AIn: Modulation of host immune resistance in the prevention or treatment of cancer (Edt. M.A. Chirigos), Fogarty International Center Proceedings (USA) vol28, 169, 1977Google Scholar
- 29.Chandra, PIn: Antimetabolites in Biochemistry, Biology and Medicine (Edts. J. Skoda and P. Langen) p. 249, 1979, Pergamon Press, OxfordGoogle Scholar
- 30.Bertazzoni, U. and Bollum, F.J.: Terminal Transferase in Immunobiology and Leukemia, Plenum Publ. Corporation, New York, 1982Google Scholar
- 31.Ebener, U.: Doctoral Thesis (Frankfurt University) 1977Google Scholar
- 32.Kotler, M. and Becker, Y.: FEBS-Lett22, 222, 1972PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 33.Chandra, P., Kornhuber,B., Gericke,D., Götz,A. and Ebener, U.: Z. Krebsforchg. u. Klin. Onkol83, 239, 1975CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 34.Chandra, P., Kornhuber,B. and Ebener,UIn: Modern Trends in Human Leukemia (Edts. R. Neth et al.) volIII, p.145, 1979, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New YorkGoogle Scholar
- 35.Kornhuber,B. and Chandra,PIn: Antiviral Mechanisms in the Control of Neoplasia (Edt. P. Chandra), p.577, 1979, Plenum Press, New YorkGoogle Scholar
- 36.Rhiem, H., Gardner,H., Jessenberger,K. and Tariverdian, G.: Proc.Amer.Assoc.Cancer Res.15, 58, 1974Google Scholar
Copyright information
© Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, Boston 1984