Biological Activity of Air Particulate Extracts (APE) in Short-Term Test

  • Hélène M. Coulomb
  • Yves A. Courtois
  • Françoise Boizard Callais
  • Bernard Festy
  • Ivan Chouroulinkov
Chapter
Part of the Environmental Science Research book series (ESRH, volume 27)

Abstract

Due to the increase of lung cancer incidence in developed countries (Higgins, 1976; Higginson, 1976, 1979), systematic controls of air quality, physicochemical and biological characterizations, are recommended. With the recent progress in technology, the physicochemical characterization of air pollution is, in our opinion, relatively easy to realize. In contrast, the methodology to evaluate the carcinogenic and mutagenic potentials of complex mixtures still requires improvement. For these investigations, short-term tests have been useful. The Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity test (developed by Ames et al.) has been shown to be especially effective in evaluating the mutagenic activity of air particulate extracts (Tokiwa et al., 1977; Talcott and Wei, 1977; Commoner et al., 1978; Teranishi et al., 1978; Coviaux et al., 1980). Nevertheless, for a better evaluation of carcinogenic potential, one mutagenicity test is not sufficient; a battery of tests is better and more suitable.

Keywords

Sister Chromatid Exchange Cloning Efficiency Lung Cancer Incidence Cigarette Smoke Condensate Hamster Embryo Cell 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Abbondandolo, A., S. Bonatti, G. Corti, R. Fioro, N. Loprieno, and A. Mazzacaro. 1977. Induction of 6-thioguanine-resistant mutants in V79 Chinese hamster cells by mouse-liver microsome-activated dimethylnitrosamine. Mutation Res. 46:365–373.Google Scholar
  2. Ames, B.N., J. McCann, and E. Yamasaki. 1975. Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity test. Mutation Res. 31:347–364.Google Scholar
  3. Alfheim, I., and M. Möller. 1979. Mutagenicity of long range transported atmospheric aerosols. Sci. Total Environ. 13:275–278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Cheng, S.J., M. Sala, M.H. Li, M.Y. Wang, J. Pot-Deprun, and I. Chouroulinkov. 1980. Mutagenic, transforming and promoting vegetables from Linxian County, China. Carcinogenesis 1:685–692.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Chouroulinkov, I., Y. Le Moullec, and B. Festy. 1980. Action biologique d’extraits organiques des particules atmosphériques urbaines: effets carcinogènes. Pollut. Atmosph. 8 5:58–61.Google Scholar
  6. Commoner, B., P. Madyastha, A. Brondson, and A.J. Vithayathil. 1978. Environmental mutagens in urban air particulates. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 4:59–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. Coviaux, F., A. Person, Y. Courtois, Y. Le Moullec, and B. Festy. 1980. Mesure d’hydrocarbures polycycliques aromatiques et détection de potentialitiés génotoxiques dans les particules en suspension de la région parissienne. VDI Berichte 358: 155–170.Google Scholar
  8. Di Paolo, J.A., P. Donovan, and R. Nelson. 1969. Quantitative studies of in vitro transformation by chemical carcinogens. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 42:867–874.Google Scholar
  9. Higgins, I.T.T. 1976. Epidemiological evidence on the carcinogenic risk of air pollution. In: Environmental Pollution and Carcinogenic Risks, Volume 52. C. Rosenfeld and W. Davis, eds. IARC Scientific Publications. INSERM Symposia Series: Lyons, pp. 41–52.Google Scholar
  10. Higginson, J. 1976. Importance of environmental factors in cancer. In: Environmental Pollution and Carcinogenic Risks, IARC Scientific Publications. INSERM Symposia Series: Lyons, pp. 15–24.Google Scholar
  11. Higginson, J. 1979. Perspectives and future development in research on environmental carcinogenesis. In: Carcinogens: Identification and Mechanisms of Action. A.C. Griffin and C.R. Shaw, eds. Raven Press: New York. pp. 187–208.Google Scholar
  12. Hughes, T.J., E. Pellizari, L. Littel, E.S. Sparacino, and A. Kolber. 1980. Ambient air pollutants: collection, chemical characterization and mutagenicity testing. Mutation Res. 76:51–83.Google Scholar
  13. Lazar, P., C. Libermann, I. Chouroulinkov, and M. Guerin. 1963. Test sur la peau de souris pour la détermination des activités carcinogènes: mise au point méthodologique. Bull. Cancer 50(4):567–577.Google Scholar
  14. Löfroth, G. 1980. Comparison of the mutagenic activity from diesel and gasoline powered motor vehicles to carbon particulate matter. In: Short-Term Bioassays in the Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures II. M.D. Waters, S.S. Sandhu, J.L. Huisingh, L. Claxton, and S. Nesnow, eds. Plenum Press: New York. pp. 319–336.Google Scholar
  15. Rosenkranz, H.S., and W.T. Speck. 1975. Mutagenicity of metronidazole: activation by mammalian liver microsomes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 66:520–525.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. Talcott, R., and E. Wei. 1977. Airborne mutagens bioassayed in Salmonella typhimurium. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 58:445–451.Google Scholar
  17. Teranishi, K., K. Hamada, and H. Watanabe. 1978. Mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium mutants of benzene soluble organic matter derived from airborne particulate matter and its five fractions. Mutation Res. 56:273–280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. Tokiwa, H., K. Morita, H. Takeyoshi, K. Takahashi, and Y. Ohnishi. 1977. Detection of mutagenic activity in particulate air pollutants. Mutation Res. 48:237–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Plenum Press, New York 1983

Authors and Affiliations

  • Hélène M. Coulomb
    • 1
  • Yves A. Courtois
    • 2
  • Françoise Boizard Callais
    • 3
  • Bernard Festy
    • 3
  • Ivan Chouroulinkov
    • 1
  1. 1.Institut de Recherches Scientifiques sur le CancerVille juifFrance
  2. 2.Laboratoire d’Hygiène de la Ville de ParisFrance
  3. 3.Université Paris VFrance

Personalised recommendations