Pathophysiology of Chronic Renal Failure

  • Phillip Hoffsten
  • Saulo Klahr
Chapter

Abstract

Chronic renal impairment usually refers to any permanent depression of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The term, however, can also be used to describe abnormal tubular function which can occur on a permanent basis even in the face of a normal glomerular filtration rate. We will use the term renal impairment to signify a decrease in GFR. Impairment becomes “failure” when plasma composition becomes substantially abnormal and symptoms usually appear at a GFR of approximately 25% of normal (30 ml/min). Chronic renal failure can be divided descriptively into early (GFR around 30-10 ml/min), late (GFR 10-5 ml/min), and terminal (GFR less than 5 ml/ min) phases. The symptoms and signs of uremia, as discussed in this chapter, become prominent in late chronic renal failure and life threatening in the terminal phase.

Keywords

Chronic Renal Failure Chronic Renal Disease Uremic Patient Renal Osteodystrophy Extracellular Fluid Volume 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 1983

Authors and Affiliations

  • Phillip Hoffsten
    • 1
  • Saulo Klahr
    • 2
  1. 1.Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUSA
  2. 2.Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUSA

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