Polymers in Medicine II pp 409-420 | Cite as
Polymeric Inserts for Sustained Ocular Delivery of Pilocarpine
Abstract
A well known disadvantage of liquid ophthalmic medications (eyedrops) is their rapid elimination from the eye by blinking, induced lacrimation, tear turnover, etc. As a consequence, only a small fraction of the applied drug dose penetrates into the anterior chamber of the eye, and the drug concentration in the biophase is far from being constant, but decreases rapidly after an initial peak (pulse entry mechanism). The ocular bioavailability of topically applied drugs can be moderately increased by modifying the vehicle viscosity, consistency and/or structure. Viscous liquid and semisolid preparations (either paraffin ointment or hydrogels), however, produce at most a prolonged-pulse type of delivery, and do not adequately control release of most medicaments.
Keywords
Acrylic Acid Ocular Bioavailability Water Water Water Lacrimal Fluid Hydroxy Ethyl AcrylatePreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
- 1.A.Urtti, Deliverial and Pharmacokinetics Aspects of Ocular Pilocarpine Administration, Int. J. Pharm. in press.Google Scholar
- 2.Y.F.Maichuk, Ophthalmic Drug Inserts, Invest. Ophthalmol., 14: 87–90 (1975).Google Scholar
- 3.M.F.Saettone, B.Giannaccini, P.Chetoni, G.Galli and E.Chiellini, Polymeric Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems: Preparation and Evaluation of Pilocarpine-Containing Inserts, in:“Polymers in Medicine, Biomedical and Pharmacological Applications”, E.Chiellini and P.Giusti, Eds., Plenum Press, New York, p.187–199 (1983).Google Scholar
- 4.M.F.Saettone, B.Giannaccini, P.Chetoni, G.Galli and E.Chiellini, Vehicle effects in ophthalmic bioavailability: an evaluation of polymeric inserts containing pilocarpine, J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 36: 229–234 (1984).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 5.G.Odello, M.F.Saettone, B.Giannaccini, L.Mastrojeni and G.Meucci, Efficacia e durata dell’effetto di nuovi inserti congiuntivali contenenti pilocarpina, Communication, X° Conv. Soc. Oftalmol. Sicil., Mazara del Vallo, February 1985.Google Scholar
- 6.L.D.Dunn, B.S.Scott and E.D.Dorsey, Analysis of Pilocarpine and Isopilocarpine in Ophthalmic Solutions by Normal-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, J. Pharm. Sci. 70:446–449 (1981).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 7.J.Brandrup and E.H.Immergut, Polymer Handbook, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1975.Google Scholar
- 8.J.G.Pritchard, Poly(vinyl alcohol): Basic Properties and Uses, Gordon & Breach Science Publishers, London, p.l (1970).Google Scholar