Cellular Control Mechanisms in Airway Smooth Muscle

  • Primal de Lanerolle
Chapter

Abstract

The regulation of smooth muscle contraction is really an exercise in understanding the regulation of a number of protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation reactions. By this I mean the enzyme-catalyzed transfer (by a class of enzymes known as protein kinases) of the terminal phosphate of ATP to a serine or threonine* residue on a protein with the formation of a covalent phosphoester linkage and, equally important, the enzyme-catalyzed dephosphorylation (by enzymes known as phosphoprotein phosphatases) of the phosphorylated proteins. This type of reversible phosphorylation is known to be important in regulating Cellular processes (reviewed by Krebs and Beavo, 1979). As we shall see, smooth muscles contain Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent, cyclic nucleotide-dependent, and Ca2+ /phospholipid-dependent protein kinases and at least three different phosphatases. In many ways, the contractile properties of smooth muscles can be visualized as being determined by the balance between the activities of these kinases and phosphatases. Consequently, much of the research emphasis on smooth muscle regulation has been directed at understanding the properties of kinases and phosphatases purified from smooth muscles. These studies have proved important for two reasons. First, they have resulted in a greater understanding of the regulation of smooth muscle contraction. Second, they serve as an important model for studying the role of protein hosphorylation reaction in other biological systems.

Keywords

Smooth Muscle Airway Smooth Muscle Smooth Muscle Contraction Tracheal Smooth Muscle Smooth Muscle Myosin 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© Plenum Press, New York 1989

Authors and Affiliations

  • Primal de Lanerolle
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of MedicineUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoUSA

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