Experimental Investigations of the Effects of Surface Tension on Convection Caused by Heating from Below

  • E. L. Koschmieder
Chapter
Part of the NATO ASI Series book series (NSSB, volume 174)

Abstract

We shall in the following discuss the essential results of various experiments which deal with surface tension driven convection. We assume that the reader is familiar with the results of linear theory of buoyancy driven convection, as originally developed by Rayleigh (1916), and the results of the linear theories of Pearson (1958) and Nield (1964), describing surface tension driven convection. We begin logically with Benard’s (1900) experiments, which were only 56 years later recognized as being a case of surface tension driven convection. Since then a few more experiments have been made which have, as their starting point, the consequences of surface tension in mind. These experiments are few and far between. Until now a systematic series of experiments which would have tried to elucidate critical features of surface tension driven convection has not been made. The reader will therefore not find a complete and satisfying picture of surface tension driven convection in the notes presented in the following. We will, in general, discuss experimental technique only cursorily, but focus on the results of the experiments.

Keywords

Fluid Layer Critical Rayleigh Number Hexagonal Cell Critical Marangoni Number Fluid Depth 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© Plenum Press, New York 1988

Authors and Affiliations

  • E. L. Koschmieder
    • 1
  1. 1.College of EngineeringUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinUSA

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