Air and Noise Pollution Control pp 145-198 | Cite as
Wet Scrubbing
Chapter
Abstract
Gas-liquid contact, termed wet scrubbing, is one of the major techniques used in the control of air pollution from stationary sources. Pollutant gases and particles in the exhaust gas stream come into contact with a liquid, and mass transfer and particle collection occur to varying degrees. Wet scrubbing is the only major control technique in which high-efficiency removal of both gaseous and particle pollutants can be achieved.
Keywords
Pressure Drop Collection Efficiency Column Diameter Transfer Unit Particle Removal
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
- 1.Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, 5th ed. (R. H. Perry and C. H. Chilton, eds.), Chaps. 14 and 18. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1973.Google Scholar
- 2.S. Calvert, J. Goldshmid, D. Leith, and D. Mehta, Wet Scrubber System Study, Vols. 1 and 2. PB-213-016, APT, Inc., prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, July 1972.Google Scholar
- 3.Air Pollution Engineering Manual, AP-44 pp. 210–232. U.S. Public Health Service, 1967.Google Scholar
- 4.J. S. Eckert et al, Ing. Eng. Chem. 59, 42 (1967).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 5.G. Nonhebel (ed.), Gas Purification Processes for Air Pollution Control. Newnes-Butterworths, London, 1972.Google Scholar
- 6.P. V. Danckwerts, Gas-Liquid Reactions. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1970.Google Scholar
- 7.Ullmanns Encyklopadie der Technischen Chemie, 4th ed., Vol. 2, pp. 575–599. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim/Bergstrasse, 1972.Google Scholar
- 8.R. E. Treybal, Mass-Transfer Operations. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1968.Google Scholar
- 9.F. A. Zenz, Chem. Eng. 120–138 (Nov. 1972).Google Scholar
- 10.A. P. Lamonrelle and O. C. Sandall, Chem. Eng. Sci. 27, 1035 (1972).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 11.G. D. Menez and O. C. Sandall, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam. 13, 72 (1974).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 12.G. E. H. Joosten and P. V. Danckwerts, Chem. Eng. Sci. 28, 453 (1973).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 13.S. Hatta, Tech. Rep. Tokohu Imp. Univ. 10, 119 (1932).Google Scholar
- 14.P. A. Ramachandran and M. M. Sharma, Trans. Instr. Chem. Engr. 49, 253 (1971).Google Scholar
- 15.B. W. Lancaster and W. Strauss, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam. 10 (3), 362 (1971).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 16.S. Calvert and N. G. Jhaveri, J. Air Pollut. Contr. Assoc. 24, 946 (1974).Google Scholar
- 17.R. J. Davis and J. Truitt, Instruments and Control Systems, pp. 68–70, 1972.Google Scholar
- 18.L. E. Sparks and M. J. Pilat, Atmos. Environ. 4, 1 (1970).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 19.B. W. Lancaster and W. Strauss, in Air Pollution Control, Part I ( W. Strauss, ed.). Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1971, p. 377.Google Scholar
- 20.K. Onda, H. Takeuchi, and Y. Okumoto, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn. 1, 56 /62 (1968).Google Scholar
- 21.T. H. Chilton and A. P. Colburn, Ind. Eng. Chem. 27, 255 (1935).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 22.W. L. McCabe and E. W. Thiele, Ind. Eng. Chem. 7, 605 (1925).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 23.D. W. VanKrevelen and P. J. Hoftyzer, Chem. Eng. Sci. 2, 145 (1953).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 24.H. Kiirten and P. Magnussen, Reaktionsapparate für Gas-Flüssig Reaktionen, in Ullmanns Encyklopadie der Technischen Chemie, 4th ed., Vol. 3. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim/Bergstrasse, 1973, p. 357.Google Scholar
- 25.O. Nagel, H. Kürten and R. Sinn, Chem. Ing. Tech. 44, 14 (1972).Google Scholar
- 26.O. Nagel, H. Kiirten, and B. Hegner, Chem. Ing. Tech. 45, 913 (1973).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 27.W. W. Eckenfelder, Chem. Engr. Prog. 52 (7), 290 (1956).Google Scholar
- 28.K. T. Semrau, J. Air Pollut. Contr. Assoc. 10, 200 (1960); 13, 587 (1974).Google Scholar
- 29.S. Calvert, J. Air Pollut. Contr. Assoc. 24, 929 (1974).Google Scholar
- 30.H. Krockta and R. L. Lucas, J. Air Pollut. Contr. Assoc. 22, 459 (1974).Google Scholar
- 31.Proc. 2nd Int. Lime I Limestone Wet-Scrubbing Symp. 1, 2, APTD 1161 (June 1972).Google Scholar
- 32.H. S. Rosenberg and R. B. Engdahl, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio, March 30, 1973. Report (to American Electric Power Service Corporation) on Status of Sulfur Dioxide Control in Power Stations.Google Scholar
- 33.S. Calvert, D. Leith, and D. Mehta, AIChE Symp. Ser. 70 (137), 357 (1974).Google Scholar
- 34.K. Holzer, Staub-Reinhalt Luft 34 (10), 360 (1974).Google Scholar
- 35.M. Wicke, Fortschrittsber. VDI Zeitschr. Reihe 3, 33 (1971), 68 pp.Google Scholar
- 36.T. T. Mercer and H. Y. Chow, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 27, 75 (1968).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 37.T. K. Sherwood, G. H. Shipley, and F. A. L. Holloway, Ind. Eng. Chem. 30, 765 (1938).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 38.J. S. Eckert, Chem. Eng. Prog. 57, 54 (1961).Google Scholar
- 39a.S. Calvert, N. C. Jhaveri, and S. Yung, Fine Particle Scrubber Performance Tests, EPA-650/2-74-093, October 1974. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460.Google Scholar
- 39b.C. Strumillo, J. A. Adamiec, and T. Kudra, Int. Chem. Eng. 14 (4), 652 (1974).Google Scholar
- 40.W. Reichelt, Chem. Ing. Tech. 45 (1), 25 (1973).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 41.A. Kossev, G. Peev, and D. Elenkov, Verfahrenstechnik 5(8), 340 (1971).Google Scholar
- 42.I. G. Blyakher, L. Y. Zhivaikin, and N. A. Yurovskaya, Int. Chem. Eng. 7 (3), 485 (1967).Google Scholar
- 43.O. S. Balabekov, P. G. Romankov, E. Y. Tarat, and M. F. Mikhalev, Zh. Prikl. Khim. 44 (5), 1061 (1971).Google Scholar
- 44.R. M. Statnick and D. C. Drehmel, Paper 74–231, 67th Annual Meeting of the Air Pollution Control Association, Denver, Colorado, June 9–13 (1974).Google Scholar
- 45.K. T. Whitby, ASHRAEJ. 7 (9), 56 (1965).Google Scholar
- 46.S. K. Friedlander, AIChE J. 3, 43 (1957).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 47.C. Orr, Jr., Particle Technology. Macmillan, New York, 1966.Google Scholar
- 48.C. P. Kerr, Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Res. Develop. 13, 222 (1974).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 49.R. H. Boll, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam. 12, 40 (1973).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 50.S. Nukiyama and Y. Tanasawa, Trans. Soc. Mech. Eng. (Japan) 4, 86 (1938).Google Scholar
- 51.R. H. Boll, L. R. Flais, P. W. Maurer, and W. L. Thompson, J. Air Pollut. Contr. Assoc. 24, 934 (1974).Google Scholar
- 52.H. E. Hesketh, J. Air Pollut. Contr. Assoc. 24, 931 (1974).Google Scholar
- 53.D. Leith and D. Mehta, Atmos. Environ. 7 (5), 527 (1973).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 54.S. Calvert, I. L. Joshnani, and S. Yung, J. Air Pollut. Contr. Assoc. 27, 971 (1974).Google Scholar
- 55a.P. N. Cheremisinoff and R. A. Young, Pollut. Eng. 24–33 (July 1974).Google Scholar
- 55b.A. B. Adams, Jr., J. Air Pollut. Contr. Assoc. 26, 303 (1976).Google Scholar
- 56.U.S. Patent 3,375,058 (1968). G. Petersen, V. Fattinger, and W. Jager, assigned to Firma Hugo Petersen, Wiesbaden, Germany.Google Scholar
- 57.S. K. Kempner, E. N. Seiler, and D. H. Bowman, J. Air Pollut. Contr. Assoc. 20, 139 (1970).Google Scholar
- 58.G. Nonhebel (ed.), Gas Purification Processes for Air Pollution Control. Newnes-Butterworths, London, 1972, pp. 164–187.Google Scholar
- 59.M. W. First and F. J. Viles, J. Air Pollut. Contr. Assoc. 21, 122 (1971).Google Scholar
- 60.A. V. Slack, H. L. Falkenberry, and R. E. Harrington, J. Air Pollut. Contr. Assoc. 22, 159 (1972).Google Scholar
- 61.A. V. Slack, Sulfur Dioxide Removal from Waste Gases. Noyes Data Corporation, Park Ridge, N.J., 1971.Google Scholar
- 62.L. W. Nannen, R. E. West, and F. Kreith, J. Air Pollut. Contr. Assoc. 24, 29 (1974).Google Scholar
- 63.M. Epstein and F. T. Princiotta, in Recent Advances in Air Pollution Control, AIChE Symp. Ser. 137, 70, 189 (1974).Google Scholar
- 64.National Research Council, International Critical Tables of Numerical Data, Vol. Ill, p. 302. McGraw-Hill, 1926.Google Scholar
- 65.R. Germendonk, Chem. Ing. Tech. 37, 1136 (1965).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Copyright information
© The HUMANA Press Inc. 1979