Manual of Aesthetic Surgery pp 51-58 | Cite as
Blepharoplasty
Chapter
Abstract
European surgeons described excessive eyelid skin during the 19th century. Procedures for removal of redundant eyelid skin were reported early in the 20th century. Bourguet introduced eyelid fat removal in 1929 and it thereafter became an integral part of blepharoplasty. Castanares defined the compartments of eyelid fat and further refined blepharoplasty into the procedure we know today. Use of the skin-muscle flap was introduced by Mclndoe. More recently, pretarsal fixation and other variations are a product of the ingenuity of Flowers and Sheen; orbicularis excision was popularized by Baker.
Keywords
Lacrimal Gland Lower Eyelid Flap Technique Orbicularis Muscle Septum Orbitale
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References
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© Springer-Verlag New York Inc. 1985