Role of Nitric Oxide in the Skeletal Muscle Vascular Bed

  • Hunter C. Champion
  • Philip J. Kadowitz
Chapter
Part of the Nitric Oxide in Biology and Medicine book series (NOBM, volume 1)

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical synthesized by NO synthase (NOS), an enzyme that exists in three identified isoforms in the body (Kerwin et al. 1995). The isoforms of NOS have been named on the basis of location: neural constitutive NOS (type I or nNOS), inducible NOS (type II or iNOS), and endothelial constitutive NOS (type III or eNOS) (Kerwin et al. 1995). Although all forms are distinct based on their location, each form uses L-arginine in the formation of NO in a reaction that requires molecular oxygen and NADPH as cosubstrates with L-citrulline produced as a by-product of the reaction. NOS types I, II, and III are found in the skeletal muscle vascular bed, with types I and III being found under physiological conditions, and the mRNA for type II NOS being up-regulated under pathophysiological conditions, such as in gram-negative sepsis (Kerwin et al. 1995; Reid 1998).

Keywords

Nitric Oxide Reactive Hyperemia Vasodilator Response Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Reactive Hyperemic Response 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2000

Authors and Affiliations

  • Hunter C. Champion
  • Philip J. Kadowitz

There are no affiliations available

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