Immunology

Chapter
First Online:

Abstract

The clinical application of cryosurgery in dermatology is expanding, including the treatment of skin cancers. At the same time, cryosurgery is increasingly being used to treat other solid tumors. Early experience with tumor cryoablation noted an abscopal effect, where treatment of one lesion led to the regression of distant, non-treated lesions. These anecdotal reports led to pre-clinical and clinical studies of cryo-immunology; the impact that cryoablation has on immune recognition and eradication of malignant disease. However, this relationship is complex and while the mechanism by which cryoablation triggers immune recognition can the augmentation of an anti-tumor response, under different conditions it can lead to anergy and immune suppression. This chapter will review the data, both pre-clinical and clinical, that documents the existence of a cryoablation-induced immune response and examines the mechanism by which this occurs. In addition, this chapter reviews promising adjuvants that, in combination with cryoablation, can lead to a more robust immune response that may have a significant clinical impact on the progression of metastatic disease.

Keywords

Cryoablation Cryo-immunology Immune response Tumor ablation 
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© Springer-Verlag London 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborUSA

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