Introduction

  • Thomas J. Henneberry
  • Robert M. Faust
Chapter
Part of the Progress in Biological Control book series (PIBC, volume 4)

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B (= B. argentifolii Bellows and Perring) was described in 1889 as a tobacco pest in Greece and named Aleyrodes tabaci, the tobacco whitefly (Gennadius 1889). Numerous synonymies (Russell 1957, 1975) and nomenclatural issues (Brown et al. 1995) have occurred since its first description. Perring (2001) indicates that the existence of a species complex is reaching acceptance by the scientific community. The complex has many biotypes and two described extant, cryptic species. Improved transportation technology and increased frequency of international transport of plant material has contributed to the extension of the geographical range of the B. tabaci complex. At present, it is globally distributed and occurs on all continents except Antarctica (Martin 1999; Martin et al. 2000). Losses from the species complex in worldwide agricultural systems have been extensive. Table 1.1, modified and updated from Oliveira et al. (2001), Cock (1986, 1993), and Ioannou (1997) shows the international scope of B. tabaci as an economic pest. Its emergence as a major threat in agricultural production systems has been characterized by outbreaks in many parts of the world (Gerling and Henneberry 2001). In the 1980s and early 1990s, infestations in the USA were particularly damaging.

Keywords

Biological Control Natural Enemy Parasitoid Species Classical Biological Control Entomological Society 
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Copyright information

© Springer Science + Business Media B.V 2008

Authors and Affiliations

  • Thomas J. Henneberry
    • 1
  • Robert M. Faust
    • 2
  1. 1.Arid Land Agricultural Research CenterUSDA-ARSMaricopaUSA
  2. 2.National Program StaffUSDA-ARSBeltsvilleUSA

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