Human tumour xenografts in athymic nude mice: non-specific host rejection responses

  • R. W. Baldwin
  • M. V. Pimm
Chapter

Abstract

Many clinical immunotherapy trials in cancer have adopted an empirical approach involving treatment of patients with immunological adjuvants. These include various bacterial vaccines but Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) and killed Corynebacterium parvum (more correctly Propionibacterium acnes) have been widely used (Miles and Scott, 1977; Baldwin and Pimm, 1978). From the many studies with experimental animal tumours, it is evident that these agents exert their greatest anti-tumour effects when administered by intralesional injection or systemically under conditions leading to their localisation in tumour deposits. The latter approach is exemplified by the treatment of pulmonary tumour deposits following intravenous injection of BCG or C. parvum (Baldwin and Pimm, 1973; Pimm and Baldwin, 1977), whilst one of the most promising clinical trials of regional immunotherapy is the use of intrapleural BCG in the post operative treatment of stage I lung cancer (McKneally et al. 1978).

Keywords

Bacillus Calmette Guerin Athymic Nude Mouse Athymic Mouse Human Tumour Xenograft Rejection Response 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Baldwin, R. W. (1979). Immunotherapy of cancer: developing concepts and clinical progress. U.LC.C. Bull, 16 (4), 76–9Google Scholar
  2. Baldwin, R. W. and Byers, V. S. (1979). Immunoregulation by bacterial organisms and their role in the immunotherapy of cancer. Sem. Immunopath 2, 79–100Google Scholar
  3. Baldwin, R. W. and Pimm, M. V. (1971). Influence of BCG infection on growth of 3-methylcholanthrene-induced rat sarcomas. Eur. J. clin. biol. Res, 16, 875–81Google Scholar
  4. Baldwin, R. W. and Pimm, M. V. (1973). BCG immunotherapy of pulmonary growths from intravenously transferred rat tumour cells. Br. J. Cancer, 27, 48–54PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Baldwin, R. W. and Pimm, M. V. (1978). BCG in tumour immunotherapy. Adv. Cancer Res, 28, 91–147CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Herberman, R. B. and Holden, H. T. (1978). Natural cell-mediated immunity. Adv. Cancer Res, 27, 305–77CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Iles, P. B., Shore, D. F., Langman, M. J. S. and Baldwin, R. W. (1978). Intrapleural BCG in operable lung cancer. In Recent Results in Cancer Research (G. Mathé, ed.), Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, in pressGoogle Scholar
  8. McKneally, M. F., Mayer, C. M. and Kausel, H. W. (1978). Regional immunotherapy of lung cancer using post operative intrapleural BCG. In Immunotherapy of Cancer: Present Status of Trials in Man ( W. D. Terry and D. Windhurst, eds), Raven Press, New York, pp. 161–71Google Scholar
  9. Milas, L. and Scott, M. T. (1977). Antitumour activity of Corynebacterium parvum. Adv. Cancer Res, 26, 257–306CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. Oehler, J. R. and Herberman, R. B. (1978). Natural cell mediated cytotoxicity in rats. III. Effects of immunopharmacologic treatments on natural reactivity augmented by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid. Int. J. Cancer, 21, 221–9CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Ojo, E., Haller, O., Kimuru, A. and Wigzell, H. (1978). An analysis of conditions allowing Corynebacterium parvum to cause either augmentation or inhibition of natural killer cell activity against tumour cells in mice. Int. J. Cancer, 21, 444–52CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. Pimm, M. V. and Baldwin, R. W. (1976). Influence of whole body irradiation on BCG contact suppression of a rat sarcoma and tumour-specific immunity. Br. J. Cancer, 34, 199–202PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Pimm, M. V. and Baldwin, R. W. (1977). C. parvum immunotherapy of transplanted rat tumours. Int. J. Cancer, 20, 923–32.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Pimm, M. V., Hopper, D. G. and Baldwin, R. W. (1978). Host responses in adjuvant contact suppression of experimental rat tumours. Devlmts biol. Standard, 38, 349–54Google Scholar
  15. Willmott, N., Pimm, M. V. and Baldwin, R. W. (1978). Comparison of BCG and C. parvum preparations for adjuvant contact therapy of a rat sarcoma. Devlmts biol. Standard, 38, 39–43Google Scholar
  16. Willmott, N., Pimm, M. V. and Baldwin, R. W. (1979). Quantitative comparison of BCG strains and preparations in immunotherapy of a rat sarcoma. J. natn. Cancer Inst in pressGoogle Scholar
  17. Wolfe, S. A., Tracey, D. E. and Henney, C. S. (1977). BCG-induced murine effector cells. II. Characterization of natural killer cells in peritoneal exudates. J. Immunol, 119, 1152–8PubMedGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© The Medical Research Council 1980

Authors and Affiliations

  • R. W. Baldwin
    • 1
  • M. V. Pimm
    • 1
  1. 1.Cancer Research Campaign LaboratoriesUniversity of Nottingham, University ParkNottinghamUK

Personalised recommendations