Extremity Fractures

Evaluation of extremity fractures focuses on the trauma in his/her entirety. Namely, the ABCs of a standard trauma resuscitation are first addressed and injuries to the head, chest, abdomen, pelvis, and spine are ruled out. In the secondary survey, appropriate radiographs are obtained, including any area where tenderness or deformity is noted. An anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral x-ray of the affected bone, as well as radiographs of the joint above and below the injury, are obtained. In addition, a complete history is obtained to elucidate the mechanism and forces that caused the fracture. The neurovascular status of the injured limb must be assessed, as well as the condition of skin and soft tissues. Finally, fractures should be monitored for the development of compartment syndrome.