The Potentialities of Focus Groups in E-Business Research: Theory Validation

  • Sharman Lichtenstein
  • Paula M. C. Swatman
Chapter
Part of the IFIP — The International Federation for Information Processing book series (IFIPAICT, volume 123)

Abstract

Focus groups enable the rapid and timely collation, integration and assembly of the views of a variety of different types of stakeholders into plausible theory. This paper examines the usefulness of the focus group as an e-business research method, using an exemplar of focus group deployment for the purpose of theory validation as its illustration. Our results suggest that a focus group can be effective as a strategy in e-business research, providing a useful alternative or complementary method to more traditional empirical methods. We provide a set of guidelines for effective focus groups in e-business research, which may prove useful to researchers contemplating employing the focus group method in a research design.

Keywords

Focus Group Information System Focus Group Session Theory Validation Network Administrator 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

References

  1. Baskerville, R., Stage, J. and DeGross, J. (Eds.) (2000), Organization and Social Perspectives on Information Technology, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, US.Google Scholar
  2. Benbasat, I. and Zmud, R.W. (1999), `Empirical Research in Information Systems: The Practice of Relevance’, MIS Quarterly, 23(1), March.Google Scholar
  3. Bennetts, P.D.C., Wood-Harper, A.T. and Mills, S. (2000), `An Holistic Approach to the Management of Information Systems Development - A View Using a Soft Systems Approach and Multiple Viewpoints“, Journal of Systemic Practice and Action Research, 13 (2).Google Scholar
  4. Cavaye, A. (1998), Using a multi-disciplinary research team to carry out research in IS’, Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 2 (1).Google Scholar
  5. Clarke, R. (2000a), Appropriate Research Methods for Electronic Commerce’, XamaxGoogle Scholar
  6. Consultancy Pty Ltd, http://www.anu.edu.au/people/Roger.Clarke/EC/ResMeth.html Clarke, R. (2000b), Focus Groups’, Xamax Consultancy Pty Ltd, http://www.xamax.com.au/Res/FocusGrps.html Google Scholar
  7. Clarke, R. (2001), If e-Business is Different Then Research in e-Business is too, in Proceedings of IFIP TC8 Working Conference on E-Commerce/E-Business’, Salzburg, 22–23 June, http://www.anu.edu.au/people/Roger.Clarke/EC/EBR0106.html (accessed 16 January 2002 ).Google Scholar
  8. Davenport, T. H., and Markus, M.L. (1999), Rigor vs. Relevance Revisited: Response to Benbasat and Zmud’, MIS Quarterly, 23(1) (March): 19–23.Google Scholar
  9. Delbecq, A. L., Ven, A. H. and Gustafson, D.H. (1975), Group Techniques for Program Planning: A Guide to Nominal Group and Delphi Processes,Scott-Foresman.Google Scholar
  10. Edmunds, H. (2000), Focus Group Research Handbook,McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
  11. Gable, G. (1994), Integrating Case Study and Survey Research Methods: An Example in Information Systems’, European Journal of Information Systems, 3 (2), 112–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. Gibbs, A. (1997) Focus Groups’, Social Research Update, 19, University of Surrey, UK, Validation http://www.soc.surrey.ac.uk/sru/SRU19.html Google Scholar
  13. Geisler, E. (2001), Organizing for e-business: the implementation of management principles in Electronic Commerce, in Proceedings of PICMET0I — Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology: Technology Management in the Knowledge Era: Life in the e-World’, Dept of Engineering and Technology Management, Portland State University, Portland, OR, US.Google Scholar
  14. Gordijn, J., de Bruin, H. and Akkennans, H. (2001), Scenario Methods for Viewpoint Integration in e-Business Requirements Engineering, in Sprague, R.H. (Editor), Proceedings of the Thirty-fourth Annual Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences’, Los Alamitos: IEEE Computer Society Press 2001.Google Scholar
  15. Gray, P. (2001), Editor, Communications of the AIS, 6, Association of Information Systems, US.Google Scholar
  16. Greenbaum, T. L. (1998), The Handbook for Focus Group Research ( 2nd ed. ), Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA, US.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. Hasan, H. and Tibbits, H. (1999), Multiple Perspectives on Electronic Business: A Case Study of a Financial Planning Service, in Proceedings of ACIS99’, Wellington, New Zealand.Google Scholar
  18. Holland, C., and Lockett, G. (1997), Mixed Mode Network Structures: The Strategic Use of Electronic Commerce by Organizations’, Organization Science, 8 (5), 475–488.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. Johnston, R., and Gregor, S. (2000), A Theory of Industry-Level Activity for Understanding the Adoption of Interorganizational Systems’, European Journal of Information Systems 9 (4), 243–251.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. Kampas, P. (2000), Road Map to the E-Revolution’, Information Systems Management 17 (2), 8–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Kling, R. (1980), Social analysis of computing: theoretical perspectives in recent empirical research’, ACM Computing Surveys, 12 (1), 61–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. Kock, N., Gray, P., Hoving, R., Klein, H., Myers, M. and Rockart, J. (2001), IS Research Relevance Revisited: Subtle Accomplishment, Unfulfilled Promise, or Serial Hypocrisy? in Proceedings of Twenty-second International Conference on Information Systems’, New Orleans, US.Google Scholar
  23. Kumar, K., Dissel, H.G.V., and Bielli, P. (1998), The merchant of Prato revisited: toward a third rationality of information systems’, MIS Quarterly, 22 (2), 199–226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. Kumar, R. L., and Crook, C. W. (1999), A Multi-Disciplinary Framework of the Management of Interorganizational Systems’, Database for Advances in Information Systems, 30 (1), 22–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. Law, D.Y.F. and Lee-Partridge, J.E. (2001), Sense-making of empirical knowledge management through frames of reference, in Proceedings of the Twenty-second International Conference on Information Systems’, New Orleans, US.Google Scholar
  26. Lichtenstein, S. (1997), Developing Internet security policy for organizations, in Proceedings of the Thirtieth Annual Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences’, Nunamaker, J.F. and Sprague, R.H. (Eds.), Hawaii, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, California.Google Scholar
  27. Lichtenstein, S. (2001), Internet security policy for organisations’, Thesis (PhD) (public version), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.Google Scholar
  28. Lichtenstein, S. and Swatman, P.M.C. (2001), Effective management and policy in e-business security, in O’Keefe, B., Loebbecke, C., Gricar, J., Pucihar, A. And Lenart, G. (Editors), Proceedings of the Fourteenth Bled Electronic Commerce Conference’, Bled, Slovenia.Google Scholar
  29. McMichael, H. (1999), An Activity-Based Perspective for Information Systems Research, in Proceedings 10h Australasian Conference on Information Systems’, Wellington, New ZealandGoogle Scholar
  30. Morgan, D. L. (1997), Focus groups as Qualitative Research, 2nd ed. Volume 16 The Sage publications series on qualitative research methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  31. Morgan, D. L. and Krueger, R.A. (1998), The Focus Group Guidebook: Focus Group Kit Volume 1, Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  32. Morrison, D. E. (1998), The Search for a Method: Focus Groups and the Development of Google Scholar
  33. Mass Communication Research,Luton, Bedfordshire, U.K.: University of Luton Press. Murray, P. J. (1997), Using virtual focus groups in qualitative research’, Qualitative HealthResearch,7(4), 542–54.Google Scholar
  34. Nucifora, A. (1997), Focus groups offer candid feedback’, American City Business Journals, April 14.Google Scholar
  35. Rezabek, R. (2000), Online focus groups: Electronic discussions for research’, Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1(1), http://qualitative-research.net/fgs (accessed 8 Jan 2002).Google Scholar
  36. Russo, N.L., Fitzgerald, B. and DeGross, J.I. (eds.) (2001), Realigning Research and Practice in Information Systems Development: The social and organizational perspective, in Proceedings of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) Working Group 8.2 Conference’, Boise, Idaho, US, Chapman & Hall, LondonGoogle Scholar
  37. Templeton, J.F. (1996), The Focus Group: a Strategic Guide to Organizing, Conducting and Analyzing the Focus Group Interview,McGraw Hill.Google Scholar
  38. Vogel, D. and Klassen J. (2000), Networked Learning as Electronic Commerce: Cultural Change in a Faculty, in Proceedings of the Thirteenth Bled Electronic Commerce Conference’, Bled, Slovenia, June 19–21, 600–615.Google Scholar
  39. Vogel, D. (2001), D. (2001), Call for Papers, Working Conference: Developing a dynamic, integrative, multi-disciplinary research agenda in E-Commerce/E-Business (IFIP TC8) ’, Salzburg, Austria, http://www.salzburgresearch.at/suntrec/IFIPTC8Conference/ (accessed 20 Feb 2002 ).Google Scholar
  40. Weber, R. and Cockroft, S. (2001), Discussion of IS Relevance 8–Feb–01 to 21–Feb–01, in ISWORLD Information Systems World Network’, http://www.commerce.uq.edu.au/isworld/research/msg.22-02-2001.html (accessed 22 Dec 2001 ).

Copyright information

© IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2003

Authors and Affiliations

  • Sharman Lichtenstein
    • 1
  • Paula M. C. Swatman
    • 2
  1. 1.School of Information Systems, Faculty of Business and LawDeakin UniversityAustralia
  2. 2.Institute for Management, Faculty of InformaticsUniversity of Koblenz-LandauGermany

Personalised recommendations