Gaussian Pixel Weighting Marks in Amplitude Modulation of Color Image Watermarking with 8 Neighborhood Retrieval

  • R. Puertpan
  • P. Nintanavongsa
  • T. Amornraksa
Chapter
Part of the IFIP — The International Federation for Information Processing book series (IFIPAICT, volume 64)

Abstract

A digital watermarking method based on Gaussian pixel-weighting marks in amplitude modulation and its retrieval method with 8 neighboring pixels are investigated in this research. The basic principle is borrowed from an amplitude modulation technique, which is applied to each channel of RGB color components of image. The proposed method utilizes a technique of weighting marks by averaging the luminance of its own pixel and its neighboring pixels in watermark embedding process. The results showed that the improved performances can be obtained when applying the Gaussian pixel-weighting marks technique, compared to equal gain pixel-weighting and no pixel-weighting marks techniques. The efficiency was further improved by utilizing the average value of 8 neighboring pixels in the retrieval process to determine the embedded watermark bits.

Key words

Digital Watermarking Amplitude Modulation Technique 
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Copyright information

© IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2001

Authors and Affiliations

  • R. Puertpan
    • 1
  • P. Nintanavongsa
    • 1
  • T. Amornraksa
    • 1
  1. 1.Multimedia Communications Laboratory, Department of Computer EngineeringKing Mongkut’s University of Technology ThonburiBangkokThailand

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