Abstract
The present biogeographic distribution of primates is the result of a complex series of events throughout the Cenozoic Era. In past, primates have been both widespread and diverse in North America and Europe and have had much broader distributions in South America, Madagascar and Asia. Many of the dramatic changes in primate biogeography can be related to global climatic events and to geological changes in the interconnections among continents. The evolutionary history of primate seems to have involved a wide range of traditional dispersal mechanisms, including land bridges, chance dispersal over open ocean, and intermediate island hopping. The assemblages of primates found in most of the world contain members of several different clades, each with a distinctive biogeographical history. Our understandings of primate phylogeny and primate biogeography are interwoven, and reciprocally illuminating.
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Fleagle, J.G., Gilbert, C.C. (2006). The Biogeography of Primate Evolution: The Role of Plate Tectonics, Climate and Chance. In: Primate Biogeography. Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects. Springer, Boston, MA . https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-31710-4_13
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