Behavioral responsiveness of captive giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) to substrate odors from conspecifics of the opposite sex

Andersen, K. F., and Vulpius, T., 1999, Urinary volatile constituents of the lion, Panthera leo, Chem. Senses 24:179–189.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar

Berger, J., 1992, Facilitation of reproductive synchrony by gestation adjustment in gregarious mammals: a new hypothesis, Ecology 73:323–329.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Conover, G. K, and Gittleman, J. L., 1989, Scent-marking in captive red pandas (Ailurusfulgens), Zoo Biology 8:193–205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Erlinge, S., Sandell, M. & Brinck, C. 1982: Scent-marking and its territorial significance in stoats, Mustela erminea, Anim. Behav. 30:811–818.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gorman, M. L., 1976, A mechanism for individual recognition by odour in Herpestes auropunctatus (Carnivora: Viverridae), Anim. Behav. 24:141–145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gorman, M. L., 1980, Sweaty mongooses and other smelly carnivores, Symp. Zool. Soc. London 45: 87–105.Google Scholar

Gorman, M. L., and Trowbridge, B. J., 1989, The role of odor in the social lives of carnivores, in: Carnivore, Behavior, Ecology and Evolution, J. L. Gittleman, ed., Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, pp.55–88.Google Scholar

Hagey, L., and Macdonald, E, 2003, Chemical cues identify gender and individuality in giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), J. Chem. Ecol. 29:1479–1488.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar

Henry, J. D., 1977, The use of urine marking in the scavenging behavior of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), Behaviour 61:82–105.PubMedGoogle Scholar

Hu, J. C., Schaller, G. B., Pan, W. S. & Zhu, J., 1985, Wolong’s Giant Panda, Sichuan Publishing House of Science and Technology, Chengdu, pp. 225.Google Scholar

Hudson, R. & Vodermager, T. 1992: Spontaneous and odour-induced chin marking in domestic female rabbits, Animal Behaviour 43, 329–336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kleiman, D. G. 1985: Social and reproductive behaviors of the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), Paper pres. Proc. Int. Symp. Giant Panda, Bongo.Google Scholar

Kruuk, H., 1978, Spatial organization and territorial behaviour of the European badger Meles meles, J. Zoo. 184, 1–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Liu, D. Z., 1996, Studies on the behavioral ecology of captive giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), PhD dissertation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing.Google Scholar

Liu, D. Z., Tian, H., Yuan, H., Wei, R. P., Zhang, G. Q., Yun, Z. H., and Sun, R. Y., 2003, Possible cues for sexual ability and age of giant pandas by scent-markings. J. Chem. Ecol. (in press).Google Scholar

MacDonald, D. W., 1979, Some observations and field experiments on the urine marking behavior of the red fox, Vulpes vulpes, Z. Tierpsychol. 51:1–22.Google Scholar

Peters, R. P., and Mech, L. D., 1975, Scent-Marking in Wolves. Am. Sci. 63:628–637.PubMedGoogle Scholar

Ralls, K., 1971: Mammalian scent marking, Science 71:443–449.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rasa, O. A. E., 1973, Marking behavior and its social significance in the African dwarf mongoose Helogale undulata rufula. Z. Tierpsychol. 32:449–488.PubMedGoogle Scholar

Raymer, J. D. W., Novotny, M., Asa, C., Seal, U. S., and Mech, L. D., 1984, Volatile constituents of wolf (Canis canis) urine as related to gender and season, Experientia 40:707–709.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar

Schaller, G. B., Hu, J., Pan, W. S., and Zhu, J., 1985, The giant pandas of Wolong., University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 298.Google Scholar

Sipos, M. L., Perry, A. B., Nyby, J. G. & Vandenbergh, J. G. 1995: An ephemeral pheromone of female house mice: degradation by oxidation. Animal Behaviour 50, 113–120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Sokal, R. R., and Rohlf, J. F., 1995, Biometry: The Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research, W. H. Freeman Co., New York, pp. 887.Google Scholar

Sun, L. X., and Muller-Schwarze, D., 1998a, Anal gland secretion codes for family membership in the beaver. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 44:199–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Sun, L. X., and Muller-Schwarze, D., 1998b, Anal gland secretion codes for relatedness in the beaver, Castor canadensis, Ethology 104.Google Scholar

Swaisgood, R., R., Lindburg, D. G., Zhou, X., and Owen, M. A., 2000, The effects of sex, reproductive condition and context on discrimination of conspecific odours by giant pandas, Anim. Behav. 60:227–237.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar

Swaisgood, R., R., Lindburg, D. G., and Zhou, X., 1999, Giant pandas discriminate individual differences in consepcific scent, Anim. Behav. 57:1045–1053.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar

Tang-Martinez, Z., 2001, The mechanisms of kin discrimination and the evolution of kin recognition in vertebrates: a critical re-evaluation, Behav. Process. 53:21–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

White, A., M., Swaisgood, R. R., and Zhang, H., 2002, The highs and lows of chemical communication in giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca): effect of scent deposition height on signal discrimination, Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 51:519–529.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Wolong Nature Reserve and China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, 1993, Hand-Raising an Infant Giant Panda — A Study at the Wolong Nature Reserve, Sichuan Publishing House of Science & Technology, Chengdu, pp. 138.Google Scholar

Yuan, H., Wei, R. P., Zhang, G. Q., Sun, L. X., Sun, R. Y., and Liu, D. Z., 2003, Possible coding for recognition of age and sex in anogenital gland secretions of giant panda, Ailuropoda melanoleuca, Chem. Senses (in press).Google Scholar

Zhang, H. M., Zhang, K. W., Wei, R. P., and Chen, M., 1994, Studies on the reproduction of captive giant pandas and artificial den at the Wolong Nature Reserve., in: Minutes of the International Symposium on the Protection of the giant panda. A. J. Zhang and G. X. H. He, eds., Sichuan Publishing House of Science & Technology, Chengdu, pp. 221–225.Google Scholar