Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

An association between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and adolescent behavioral problems has been well established (Lee, Mulsow & Reifman, 2003). For example, adolescents with ADHD have been found to be more likely than adolescents without ADHD to engage in risk-taking behaviors such as substance use and abuse, risky driving, risky sexual behaviors, and behaviors indicative of conduct disorder or oppositional defiant disorder. It is important to note, however, that a meta-analysis of ADHD outcome studies suggests that the contribution of ADHD to problematic behaviors is only small to medium (Lee, Mulsow & Reifman, 2003). This chapter examines those circumstances that may increase or decrease the likelihood of behavioral problems among adolescents with ADHD.