Bioanalytical Techniques for Bionanotechnology

Abstract

As Richard Feynman has observed, what we are observing living organisms, more specifically, how cells are working is a fundamental element to understand biology better. Since the original atomic structure of proteins has been published, our knowledge of biomolecules is supplemented and developed actively. Based on many of the molecular structures available in nature, humans have built up a large bank of protein structures, nucleic acids, etc., after a series of experiments. It took much effort both in money time and the expertise of scientists [1, 2]. The following section will focus on a brief introduction of using biomolecular as sensors in bionanotechnology and an overview of the main techniques such as X-Ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, Electron Microscopy, and Atomic Force Microscopy, to determine the molecular structure of biology as well as the remaining limitations. Through these techniques, we will better understand the structure of molecules, and it will be an essential and starting point for bionanoanalysis in bionanotechnology.