Abstract
ATG is involved in multiple processes of autophagosome formation, including the initial phase of autophagy. The mammalian autophagy complex-ULK1 complex is composed of ULK1, FIP200, ATG13 and ATG101, and the yeast autophagy initiation complex-ATG1 complex is composed of ATG1, ATG13, ATG17, ATG29 and ATG31. After this complex is activated, it binds and phosphorylates ATG9 on the vesicles. Then PI3KC3-C1 (yeast: ATG34: ATG15: ATG6: ATG14 or mammal animal: ATG34: ATG15: BECN1: ATG14L) is recruited to the PAS. Further, ATG12-ATG5-ATG16 complex is localized on PAS (Yeast) or localized on the outer surface of the membrane (mammal) and makes binding of ATG8 (LC3) with PE to form ATG8-PE complex, promoting autophagic membrane elongation, closure and formation autophagosome and autophagosome lysosome.
Keywords
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- GABARAP:
-
Γ-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein
- GATE-16:
-
Golgi-associated ATPase enhancer
- Golgi v-SNARE:
-
Golgi vesicle-associated N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor
- PE:
-
Phosphatidylethanolamine
- PI:
-
Phosphatidylinositol phosphatidylinositol
- PI3P:
-
Phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate
- SNARE:
-
Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor
- MAP1LC3:
-
Microtubule-associated protein 1 light-chain 3
- NSF:
-
N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor
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Li, W., Zhang, L. (2019). Regulation of ATG and Autophagy Initiation. In: Qin, ZH. (eds) Autophagy: Biology and Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1206. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0602-4_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0602-4_2
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