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Agronomic Crops Response and Tolerance to Allelopathic Stress

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Abstract

Under agricultural situations, plants are often exposed to various environmental stresses, including biotic and abiotic stresses. Allelopathy is one of the most important interactions among plants. Nowadays, allelopathy is known as one of the biotic stresses affecting growth and development of plants, especially crops. Responsible compounds in allelopathy named allelochemicals are derived from the secondary metabolism of plants and are species and tissue specific. These compounds are released from the plants into the environment as leachates, volatiles, and root exudates and from biomass decomposition. Their action mechanism affecting the receiver plants also differs. Some of these compounds, such as volatile compounds, directly impact the receiver plant, while other compounds need microorganism’s intermediation. Allelopathic stress is a multidimensional stress, and in receiver plants, it occurs at molecular, biochemical, physiological, morphological, and eventually ecological levels. In addition, it can negatively affect the quantity and quality of growth in agronomic crops. Plants have several resistance mechanisms to counteract the adverse effects of this phenomenon at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels that all these mechanisms lead to the detoxification of allelochemicals. Generally, allelochemical’s detoxification processes were aimed to facilitate allelochemicals’ outlet from the cells that eventually leads to normal cell functions. Environmental stresses, viz., drought, deficiency and toxicity of nutrients, temperature stress, light stress, and biotic stresses can affect allelopathy and also influence it. Herbicide application in agricultural fields causes changes in plant’s allelopathic interactions as well. Already, allelopathy has become a suitable tool for the transgenic plant production with desirable traits via biotechnology techniques, which promise the production of resistant cultivars to a variety of stresses.

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Abbreviations

ABA:

abscisic acid

C4H:

cinnamate-4-hydroxylase

COMT:

caffeic acid O-methyltransferases

CTK:

cytokinin

F5H:

ferulic acid 5-hydroxylase

IAA:

indoleacetic acid

MDA:

malondialdehyde

PAL:

phenylalanine ammonia lyase

PDMS:

polydimethylsiloxane

QTL:

quantitative trait locus

RAPD:

random amplification of polymorphic DNA

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

STME:

silicone tube micro-extraction

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  1. Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

    Hamideh Bakhshayeshan-Agdam & Seyed Yahya Salehi-Lisar

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    Mirza Hasanuzzaman

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Bakhshayeshan-Agdam, H., Salehi-Lisar, S.Y. (2020). Agronomic Crops Response and Tolerance to Allelopathic Stress. In: Hasanuzzaman, M. (eds) Agronomic Crops. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0025-1_17

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