Abstract
Laboratory analyses of body fluids for the determination of disease-signaling biomarkers is an important stage of the diagnostics procedure. Although blood is recognized to provide the most reliable diagnostics data, blood collection is an invasive procedure and is perceived with reluctance by many patients. Therefore, the presence of disease-signaling biomarkers in other body fluids is investigated. This paper proposes the block diagram of a hybrid salivary sensor which correlates optoelectronic sensing with electrochemical sensing. Saliva is indeed a preferred body fluid for sampling, however it may also contain other compounds, as for example oropharyngeal mucosae, blood, etc. In the context of the hybrid salivary sensor, this paper investigates two solutions for the implementation of an optical salivary sensor for the identification of blood in the saliva. In the proposed solutions, blood is identified by color, rather than by chemistry. Therefore, pure optical means can be used, making the implementation in the shape of a side polished fiber straightforward. The novelty of this work consists in the employment of a fluorescent optical fiber for the construction of the fiber optic sensor. A laboratory proof of principle validates the proposed solutions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Malon, R.S.P., Sadir, S., Balakrishnan, M., Córcoles, E.P.: Saliva-based biosensors: noninvasive monitoring tool for clinical diagnostics. Biomed. Res. Int. 2014, 962903 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/962903
Chiappin, S., Antonelli, G., Gatti, R., de Palo, E.F.: Saliva specimen: a new laboratory tool for diagnostic and basic investigation. Clin. Chim. Acta 383(1–2), 30–40 (2007)
Kaufman, E., Lamster, I.B.: The diagnostic applications of saliva—a review. Crit. Rev. Oral Biol. Med. 13(2), 197–212 (2002)
Lee, Y.H., Wong, D.T.: Saliva: an emerging biofluid for early detection of diseases. Am. J. Dentistry 22(4), 241–248 (2009)
Jung, D.G., Jung, D., Kong, S.H.: A lab-on-a-chip-based non-invasive optical sensor for measuring glucose in saliva. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 17(11): 2607 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/s17112607
Laguesse, M.F.: Optical potentiometer using fluorescent optical fiber for position measurement. Appl. Opt. 28(23), 5144–5148 (1989)
Aiestaran, P., Dominguez, V., et al.: A fluorescent linear optical fiber position sensor. Opt. Mater. 31(7), 1101–1104 (2009)
Egalon, C.O.: Axial versus side illumination of a fluorescent cladding optical fiberlink (2017). https://oceanoptics.com/wp-content/uploads/Claudio-Egalon-Axial-VS-Side-Illumination-of-a-Fluorescent-Cladding-Optical-Fiber.pdf
Miluski, P., Kochanowicz, M., et al.: Emission properties and energy transfer in Perylene-Rhodamine 6 G co-doped polymeric fiber. Chinese Optics Letters 14(12), 121602 (2016)
Farago, P., Galatus, R. et al.: Fluorescent fiber implementation of an angle sensor, ICTON, Bucharest, Romania (2018)
Farago, P., Galatus, R. et al.: Fluorescent fiber implementation of a high-resolution distributed position sensor. In: Proceedings SPIE 10680, Optical Sensing and Detection V, 106801E (9 May 2018). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2307494
Galatua, R., Farago, P., et al.: Distributed fluorescent optical fiber proximity sensor: towards a proof of concept. Spectrochim. Acta Part A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 198, 7–18 (2018)
Farago, P., Galatus, R., et al.: Low-cost Quasi-distributed position sensing platform based on blue fluorescent optical fiber, in Prof. of 2017 IEEE 23rd International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging (SIITME), Constanta, Romania (2017)
Laguesse, M.F., Bourdinaud, M.J.: Characterization of fluorescent plastic optical fibers for x-ray beam detection. In: Proceedings of SPIE—Plastic Optical Fibers, vol. 1592 (1991)
Ray, J.A.: (2010) An overview of macrobending and microbending of optical fibers, Corning
Khan, M., Kang, B., et al.: Fiber-optic multi-sensor array for detection of low concentration volatile organic compounds. Opt. Express 21, 20119–20130 (2013)
Ahn, J., Seong, T., et al.: Fiber-optic waveguide coupled surface plasmon resonance sensor. Opt. Express 20, 21729–21738 (2012)
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Ph.D. Grant no 3999/01.10.2016, and partially by the COFUND-ERA-HDHL ERANET Project, European and International Cooperation—Subprogram 3.2—Horizon 2020, PNCDI III Program—Biomarkers for Nutrition and Health—“Innovative technological approaches for validation of salivary AGEs as novel biomarkers in evaluation of risk factors in diet-related diseases”, no 25/1.09.2017.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Farago, P. et al. (2019). A Side-Polished Fluorescent Fiber Sensor for the Detection of Blood in the Saliva. In: Vlad, S., Roman, N. (eds) 6th International Conference on Advancements of Medicine and Health Care through Technology; 17–20 October 2018, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. IFMBE Proceedings, vol 71. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6207-1_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6207-1_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-6206-4
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-6207-1
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)