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Noise-Induced Cochlear Synaptopathy and Ribbon Synapse Regeneration: Repair Process and Therapeutic Target

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Hearing Loss: Mechanisms, Prevention and Cure

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1130))

Abstract

The synapse between the inner hair cells (IHCs) and the spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in mammalian cochleae is characterized as having presynaptic ribbons and therefore is called ribbon synapse. The special molecular organization is reviewed in this chapter in association with the functional feature of this synapse in signal processing. This is followed by the review on noise-induced damage to this synapse with a focus on recent reports in animal models in which the effect of brief noise exposures is observed without causing significant permanent threshold shift (PTS). In this regard, the potential mechanism of the synaptic damage by noise and the impact of this damage on hearing are summarized to clarify the concept of noise-induced hidden hearing loss, which is defined as the functional deficits in hearing without threshold elevation. A controversial issue is addressed in this review as whether the disrupted synapses can be regenerated. Moreover, the review summarizes the work of therapeutic research to protect the synapses or to promote the regeneration of the synapse after initial disruption. Lastly, several unresolved issues are raised for investigation in the future.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Communication Science and Disorders, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

    Jian Wang

  2. Otolaryngology Research Institute, 6th Affiliated Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Shankai Yin & Hengchao Chen

  3. Department of Physiology, Medical College of Southeast University, Nanjing, China

    Lijuan Shi

Authors
  1. Jian Wang
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  2. Shankai Yin
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  3. Hengchao Chen
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  4. Lijuan Shi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jian Wang .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Huawei Li

  2. MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China

    Renjie Chai

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Wang, J., Yin, S., Chen, H., Shi, L. (2019). Noise-Induced Cochlear Synaptopathy and Ribbon Synapse Regeneration: Repair Process and Therapeutic Target. In: Li, H., Chai, R. (eds) Hearing Loss: Mechanisms, Prevention and Cure. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1130. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6123-4_3

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