Abstract
Cystic lung disease is a group of pulmonary disorders characterized by the presence of multiple cysts that are defined as low-attenuation areas with thin walls (wall thickness usually less than 2 mm). Cysts are increasingly being recognized on HRCT of the thorax and always present a diagnostic dilemma. The common cystic lung diseases are lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), and Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome. There are two interstitial lung diseases that can present with multiple cysts, namely, desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP) and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP). Multiple pulmonary cysts (pneumatoceles) can also be seen during the course of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), now known as Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP). There are two challenges in reporting the HRCT with cystic lung diseases: first to differentiate the true cysts from their mimickers and second to provide an accurate diagnosis of cystic lung disease. In most cases, diagnosis can be made by the characterization of the cysts and ancillary radiological findings coupled with a careful review of clinical information.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Hansell DM, Bankier AA, MacMahon H, McLoud TC, Muller NL, Remy J. Fleischner Society: glossary of terms for thoracic imaging. Radiology. 2008;246(3):697–722.
Seaman DM, Meyer CA, Gilman MD, McCormack FX. Diffuse cystic lung disease at high-resolution CT. Am J Roentgenol. 2011;196(6):1305–11.
Abbott GF, Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Frazier AA, Franks TJ, Pugatch RD, Galvin JR. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):803–28.
Cudzilo CJ, Szczesniak RD, Brody AS, Rattan MS, Krueger DA, Bissler JJ, Franz DN, McCormack FX, Young LR. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis screening in women with tuberous sclerosis. Chest J. 2013;144(2):578–85.
Johnson SR, Cordier JF, Lazor R, Cottin V, Costabel U, Harari S, Reynaud-Gaubert M, Boehler A, Brauner M, Popper H, Bonetti F. European Respiratory Society guidelines for the diagnosis and management of lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Eur Respir J. 2010;35(1):14–26.
Moss J, DeCastro R, Patronas NJ, Taveira-DaSilva A. Meningiomas in lymphangioleiomyomatosis. JAMA. 2001;286(15):1879–81.
Abbott GF, Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Franks TJ, Frazier AA, Galvin JR. From the archives of the AFIP: pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Radiographics. 2004;24(3):821–41.
Vassallo R, Ryu JH, Schroeder DR, Decker PA, Limper AH. Clinical outcomes of pulmonary Langerhans’-cell histiocytosis in adults. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(7):484–90.
Castoldi MC, Verrioli A, De Juli E, Vanzulli A. Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis: the many faces of presentation at initial CT scan. Insights Imaging. 2014;5(4):483–92.
Raoof S, Bondalapati P, Vydyula R, Ryu JH, Gupta N, Raoof S, Galvin J, Rosen MJ, Lynch D, Travis W, Mehta S. Cystic lung diseases: algorithmic approach. Chest J. 2016;150(4):945–65.
Menko FH, Van Steensel MA, Giraud S, Friis-Hansen L, Richard S, Ungari S, Nordenskjöld M, vO Hansen T, Solly J, Maher ER, European BHD Consortium. Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome: diagnosis and management. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10(12):1199–206.
Agarwal PP, Gross BH, Holloway BJ, Seely J, Stark P, Kazerooni EA. Thoracic CT findings in Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome. Am J Roentgenol. 2011;196(2):349–52.
Zamora CA, Rowe SP, Horton KM. Case 218: Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome. Radiology. 2015;275(3):923–7.
Ryu JH, Myers JL, Capizzi SA, Douglas WW, Vassallo R, Decker PA. Desquamative interstitial pneumonia and respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease. Chest J. 2005;127(1):178–84.
Hartman TE, Primack SL, Swensen SJ, Hansell D, McGuinness G, Müller NL. Desquamative interstitial pneumonia: thin-section CT findings in 22 patients. Radiology. 1993;187(3):787–90.
Johkoh T, Müller NL, Pickford HA, Hartman TE, Ichikado K, Akira M, Honda O, Nakamura H. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia: thin-section CT findings in 22 patients. Radiology. 1999;212(2):567–72.
Cha SI, Fessler MB, Cool CD, Schwarz MI, Brown KK. Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia: clinical features, associations and prognosis. Eur Respir J. 2006;28(2):364–9.
Kanne JP, Yandow DR, Meyer CA. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia: high-resolution CT findings in patients with and without HIV infection. Am J Roentgenol. 2012;198(6):W555–61.
Hidalgo A, Falco V, Mauleon S, Andreu J, Crespo M, Ribera E, Pahissa A, Caceres J. Accuracy of high-resolution CT in distinguishing between Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and non-Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients. Eur Radiol. 2003;13(5):1179–84.
Zamora AC, White DB, Sykes AM, Hoskote SS, Moua T, Eunhee SY, Ryu JH. Amyloid-associated cystic lung disease. Chest. 2016;149(5):1223–33.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Chawla, A. (2019). Imaging of Cystic Lung Diseases. In: Chawla, A. (eds) Thoracic Imaging. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2544-1_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2544-1_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-2543-4
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-2544-1
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)