Abstract
Within the new neoliberal wave in Europe while progressive food activists adopted a more cooperative relationship with their local states demanding ‘sustainable healthy inclusive and democratic food system’ (see Milan Urban Food Plan), in the city of Athens a trend of food activists engaged in non-state-centric politics challenging the resulting crisis of social reproduction and the rise of far-right activism. Thus, in this paper, we explore the activists’ efforts in the city of Athens towards autonomous and anti-fascist politics in organising social reproduction: the food geography (urban gardens, farmers markets, collective kitchens, etc.); the politics of caregiving and food provisioning; as well as the tensions emerged between activists’ ‘politics of autonomy’ and their more institutional ‘social and solidarity economies’.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsNotes
- 1.
- 2.
The Greek Government supported by the American Mission for Aid to Greece, see: http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/document.php?id=cqresrre1949020900e.
- 3.
The occupations of the Athens Polytechnic and the Business School in November 1973 caused the end of the Colonels’ dictatorship, the Junta. These occupations, as Kritidis referred to them, ‘marked the beginning of a new era’. ‘The action was a turning point, because it was the first time in Greece that public buildings were occupied and transformed into centers of social and political mass protest. Eventually, the action caused the end of the military dictatorship’ (Kritidis 2014, p. 66).
References
Agamben, G. (2015). From the State of Control to a Praxis of Destituent Power. https://roarmag.org/essays/agamben-destituent-power-democracy/. Accessed 26 January 2018.
Arampatzi, A. (2012). The Urban Roots of Anti-Neoliberal Social Movements: The Case of Athens, Greece. Environment and Planning A, 44, 2591–10, https://doi.org/10.1068/a44416.
Arampatzi, A. (2017). The Spatiality of Counter-Austerity Politics in Athens, Greece: Emergent “Urban Solidarity Spaces” [Special Issue Interrogating Urban Crisis: Governance, Contestation and Critique]. Urban Studies, 54(9), 2155–2171.
Armstrong, A. (2011, August–September). Insolvent Futures/Bonds of Struggle [Special Issue on Debt]. Reclamations Journal, 4, 4–7.
Armstrong, A. (2015, August). Infrastructures of Injury. Lies Journal, 2, 130–135.
Baker, S., Kousis, M., Richardson, D., & Young, S. (Eds.). (1997). The Politics of Sustainable Development. Theory, Policy and Practice Within the European Union. London and New York: Routledge.
Bhattacharya, T. (Ed.). (2017). Social Reproduction Theory Remapping Class, Recentering Oppression. London: Pluto Press.
Butler, J. (2015). Notes Toward a Performative Theory of Assembly. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674967755.
Carabancheleando. (2017). Diccionario de las Periferias. Métodos y saberes autónomos desde los barrios. Madrid: Traficantes de sueños.
Castells, M. (1983). The City and the Grassroots. A Cross-Cultural Theory of Urban Social Movements. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Castoriadis, C. (1991). Philosophy, Politics, Autonomy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Colomb, C. (2012). Pushing the Urban Frontier: Temporary Uses of Space, City Marketing, and the Creative City Discourse in 2000s Berlin. Journal of Urban Affairs, 34(2), 131–152.
Dalakoglou, D. (2012). Beyond Spontaneity. City: Analysis of Urban Trends, Culture, Theory, Policy, Action, 16(5), 535–545. https://doi.org/10.1080/13604813.2012.720760.
Dalakoglou, D. (2013a). The Crisis Before the Crisis: Violence and Urban Neoliberalisation in Athens. Social Justice, 39(1).
Dalakoglou, D. (2013b). From the Bottom of the Aegean Sea’1 to Golden Dawn: Security, Xenophobia, and the Politics of Hate in Greece. Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism, 13(3).
Darly, S., & McClintock, N. (2017). Introduction to Urban Agriculture in the Neoliberal City. ACME: An International Journal for Critical Geographies, 16(2), 224–231.
della Porta, D. (2017). Rethinking Greece: Donatella Della Porta on Social Movements and Electoral Democracy in Times of Austerity. http://www.greeknewsagenda.gr/index.php/interviews/rethinking-greece/6385-rethinking-greece-donatella-della-porta. Accessed 31 December 2017.
della Porta, D., Andretta, M., Fernandes, T., O’Connor, F., Romanos, E., & Vogiatzoglu, M. (2016). Late Neoliberalism and Its Discontents in the Economic Crisis: Comparing Social Movements in the European Periphery. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 97833195350790.
Federici, S. (2004). Caliban and the Witch: Women, the Body, and Primitive Accumulation. New York: Autonomedia.
Federici, S. (2012). Revolution at Point Zero. Housework, Reproduction and Feminist Struggle. Oakland: PM Press. Creative Commons.
Federici, S., & Sitrin, M. (2016). Social Reproduction: Between the Wage and the Commons. Roar Magazine, 2. https://roarmag.org/magazine/social-reproduction-between-the-wage-and-the-commons/. Accessed 31 December 2017.
Fraser, N. (2017). Crisis of Care? On the Social-Reproductive Contradictions of Contemporary Capitalism. In T. Bhattacharya (Ed.), Social Reproduction Theory Remapping Class, Recentering Oppression. London: Pluto Press.
Graeber, D. (2002). The New Anarchists. New Left Review, 13, 61–73.
Gutierrez Aguilar, R. (2015). Mujeres, reproducción social y luchas por lo común. Ecos de la visita de Silvia Federici a México en otoño del 2013. Bajo el Volcán, 15(22), marzo-agosto (pp. 63–69). México: Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla.
Gutierrez Aguilar, R. (2017). Horizontes comunitario-populares. Produccion de lo comun mas alla de las politicas estado-centricas. Madrid: Traficantes de suenos.
Hadjimichalis, C. (2014). Crisis and Land Dispossession in Greece as Part of the Global Land Fever. City: Analysis of Urban Trends, Culture, Theory, Policy, Action, 18(4–5), 502–508.
Hadjimichalis, C., & Hudson, R. (2014). Contemporary Crisis Across Europe and the Crisis of Regional Development Theories. Regional Studies, 48(1), 208–218.
Holloway, J. (2005). Zapatismo as Political and Cultural Practice. Humboldt Journal of Social Relations, 29(1), 168–178.
Holloway, J. (2010). Crack Capitalism. London: Pluto Press.
Holt Giménez, E., & Shattuck, A. (2011). Food Crises, Food Regimes and Food Movements: Rumblings of Reform or Tides of Transformation? The Journal of Peasant Studies, 38(1), 109–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2010.538578.
Katsarova, R. (2015). Repression and Resistance on the Terrain of Social Reproduction: Historical Trajectories, Contemporary Openings. https://www.viewpointmag.com/2015/10/31/repression-and-resistance-on-the-terrain-of-social-reproduction-historical-trajectories-contemporary-openings/. Accessed 31 December 2017.
Koronaiou, A., & Sakellariou, A. (2013). Reflections on “Golden Dawn”, Community Organizing and Nationalist Solidarity: Helping (only) Greeks. Community Development Journal, 48(2), 332–338.
Kritidis, G. (2014). The Rise and Crisis of the Anarchist and Libertarian Movement in Greece, 1973–2012. In B. van der Steen, A. Katzeff, & L. van Hoogenhuijze (Eds.), The City Is Ours: Squatting and Autonomous Movements in Europe from the 1970s to the Present. Oakland: PM Press.
Lefebvre, H. (2009). State, Space, World. In N. Brenner & S. Elden (Eds.), Selected Essays. Minneapolis: Regents of the University of Minnesota.
Lekakis, J., & Kousis, M. (2013). Economic Crisis, Troika and the Environment in Greece. South European Society and Politics, 18(3), 305–331. https://doi.org/10.1080/13608746.2013.799731.
Leontidou, L. (1990). The Mediterranean City in Transition: Social Change and Urban Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Leontidou, L. (2010). Urban Social Movements in “Weak” Civil Societies: The Right to the City and Cosmopolitan Activism in Southern Europe. Urban Studies, 47(6), 1179–1203.
Leontidou, L. (2014). The Crisis and Its Discourses: Quasi-Orientalist Attacks on Mediterranean Urban Spontaneity, Informality and Joie de Vivre. City, 18(4–5), 551–562.
Makrygianni, V., & Tsavdaroglou, H. (2011). Urban Planning and Revolt: A Spatial Analysis of the December 2008 Uprising in Athens. In A. Vradis & D. Dalakoglou (Eds.), Revolt and Crisis in Greece. Between a Present Yet to Pass and a Future Still to Come. Oakland, Baltimore, Edinburgh, London and Athens: AK Press and Occupied London.
Markantonatou, M. (2015). State Repression, Social Resistance and the Politicization of Public Space in Greece Under Fiscal Adjustment. In F. Eckardt & J. R. Sanchez (Eds.), City of Crisis. The Multiple Contestation in Southern European Cities Urban Studies. Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag.
Markusen, A. (2006). Urban Development and the Politics of a Creative Class. Environment & Planning A, 38, 1921–1940.
Mayer, M. (2006). Manuel Castells’ the City and the Grassroots. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 30(1), 202–206.
Mayer, M. (2013). First World Urban Activism. Beyond Austerity Urbanism and Creative City Politics. City: Analysis of Urban Trends, Culture, Theory, Policy, Action, 17(1), 5–19.
Mayer, M. (2016). Neoliberal Urbanism and Uprisings Across Europe. In M. Mayer & H. Thorn (Eds.), Urban Uprisings: Challenging Neoliberal Urbanism in Europe. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Mayer, M., Thorn, C., & Thorn, H. (Eds.). (2016). Urban Uprisings: Challenging Neoliberal Urbanism in Europe. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
McMichael, P. (2009). A Food Regime Genealogy. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 36(1), 139–169.
Milan Urban Policy Pact. https://www.milanurbanfoodpolicypact.org/. Accessed January 2018.
Mohandesi, S., & Teitelman, E. (2017). Without Reserves. In T. Bhattacharya (Ed.), Social Reproduction Theory Remapping Class, Recentering Oppression. London: Pluto Press.
Nadasen, P. (2012). Rethinking the Welfare Rights Movement. New York: Routledge.
Nasioka, K. (2014). Communities of Crisis: Ruptures as Common Ties During Class Struggles in Greece, 2011–2012. South Atlantic Quarterly (2014), 113(2), 285–297. https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-2643621.
Nasioka, K. (2017). Ciudades en Insurrección. Oaxaca 2006/Atenas 2008. Guadalajara: Cátedra Interinstitucional Universidad de Guadalajara-CIESAS-Jorge Alonso.
Newman, S. (2007). Anarchism, Poststructuralism and the Future of Radical Politics. Substance, 36(2), 3–19. ISSN 0049-2426. https://doi.org/10.1353/sub.2007.0035.
Newman, S. (2011). Postanarchism and Space: Revolutionary Fantasies and Autonomous Zones. Planning Theory, 10(4), 344–365. https://doi.org/10.1177/1473095211413753.
Newman, S. (2016). What is an Insurrection? Destituent Power and Ontological Anarchy in Agamben and Stirner. Political Studies. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032321716654498.
O’Brien, T. (2017). Urban Movements in Neoliberal Europe. Social Movement Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2017.1393410.
Pastor, J. (2011). El Movimiento 15-M. Un nuevo actor sociopolítico frente a la dictadura de los mercados. Sociedad y Utopía, 38, 109–124.
Petropoulou, C. (2014). Crisis, Right to the City Movements and the Question of Spontaneity: Athens and Mexico City. City, 18(4–5), 563–572.
Rakopoulos, T. (2014). The Crisis Seen from Below, Within, and Against: From Solidarity Economy to Food Distribution Cooperatives in Greece. Dialect Anthropology, 38, 189–207.
Scott, J. C. (1985). Weapons of the Weak. Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance (p. 389). New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
Shaw, L. H. (1969). Postwar Growth in Greek Agricultural Production. Special Studies Series 2. Athens, Greece: Center of Planning and Economic Research.
Simon-Rojo, M., Morales-Bernardos, I., & Sanz-Landaluze, J. (2018). Food Movements Oscillating Between Autonomy and the Co-Production of Public Policies. Lessons from Madrid. Nature and Culture, 13(1). ISSN 1558-6073 [Print] and ISSN: 1558-5468.
Solidarity Cities. http://solidaritycities.eu/. Accessed 31 December 2017.
Springer, S., Ince, A., Pickerill, J., Brown, G., & Barker, A. J. (2012). Anarchist Geographies. Antipode: A Radical Journal of Geography, 44(5): 1579L1754.
Stavrides, S. (2014). Emerging Common Spaces as a Challenge to the City of Crisis. City, 18(4–5), 546–550.
Urbact. http://urbact.eu/. Accessed 31 December 2017.
Vasilopoulou, S., & Halikiopoulou, D. (2015). The Golden Dawn’s ‘Nationalist Solution’: Explaining the Rise of the Far Right in Greece. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Viewpoint Magazine. (2015). Social Reproduction, Issue 5. https://www.viewpointmag.com/2015/11/02/issue-5-social-reproduction/. Accessed 31 December 2017.
Vradis, A., & Dalakoglou, D. (Eds.). (2011). Revolt and Crisis in Greece. Between a Present Yet to Pass and a Future Still to Come. Oakland, Baltimore, Edinburgh, London and Athens: AK Press and Occupied London.
VVAAs. (2011). Pensar las Autonomias. Alternativas de emancipacion al capital y el Estado. México: Bajo Tierra Ediciones-Sisifo Ediciones.
Zechner, M., & Rübner Hansen, B. (2015). Social Reproduction and Collective Care. https://theoccupiedtimes.org/?p=14000. Accessed January 2018.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Morales-Bernardos, I. (2019). Urban Food Activism in Athens: Recovering More Autonomous Forms of Social Reproduction. In: Yip, N., Martínez López, M., Sun, X. (eds) Contested Cities and Urban Activism. The Contemporary City. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1730-9_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1730-9_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-1729-3
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-1730-9
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)