Abstract
The importance of bioactive compounds present in natural sources has withdrawn ample attention in human nutrition and established as “functional food” in the field of food chemistry and as “preventive medicine” in the field of pharmacology and healthcare. Curcumin is one such promising and well-studied natural bioactive plant compound that is present in Curcuma longa and known for providing various protective effects in different diseased states. This chapter highlights the present understanding of various protective effects of curcumin in wide range of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, Alzheimer’s disease, etc. The major emphasis is on the molecular pathways associated with curcumin-mediated effects. The significance of its unique structure attributing to its function and present advances in curcumin applications to overcome its limitations has also been discussed in detail.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Agarwal NB, Jain S, Nagpal D et al (2013) Liposomal formulation of curcumin attenuates seizures in different experimental models of epilepsy in mice. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 27(2):169–172
Anand P, Thomas SG, Kunnumakkara AB et al (2008) Biological activities of curcumin and its analogues (congeners) made by man and mother nature. Biochem Pharmacol 76:1590–1611
Baker RG, Hayden MS, Ghosh S (2011) NF-κB, inflammation and metabolic disease. Cell Metab 13(1):11–22
Bhandarkar SS, Arbiser JL (2007) Curcumin as an inhibitor of angiogenesis. Adv Exp Med Biol 595:185–195
Balunas MJ, Kinghorn AD (2005) Drug discovery from medicinal plants. Life Sci 78:431–441
Bisht S, Feldmann G, Soni S et al (2007) Polymeric nanoparticle encapsulated curcumin (“nanocurcumin”): a novel strategy for human cancer therapy. J Nanobiotechnol 5:3
Borkar N, Andersson DR, Yang M et al (2017) Efficacy of oral lipid-based formulations of apomorphine and its diester in a Parkinson’s disease rat model. J Pharm Pharmacol 69(9):1110–1115
Bradford PG (2013) Curcumin and obesity. Biofactors 39(1):78–87
Chang MT, Tsai TR, Lee CY et al (2013) Elevating bioavailability of curcumin via encapsulation with a novel formulation of artificial oil bodies. J Agric Food Chem 61:9666–9671
Cheng AL, Hsu CH, Lin JK et al (2001) Phase I clinical trial of curcumin, a chemopreventive agent, in patients with high-risk or premalignant lesions. Anticancer Res 21:2895–2900
Chendil D, Ranga RS, Meigooni D et al (2004) Curcumin confers radiosensitizing effect in prostate cancer cell line PC-3. Oncogene 23:1599–1607
Choudhuri T, Pal S, Das T et al (2005) Curcumin selectively induces apoptosis in deregulated cyclin D1-expressed cells at G2 phase of cell cycle in a p53-dependent manner. J Biol Chem 280:20059–20068
Chuengsamarn S, Rattanamongkolgul S, Luechapudiporn R et al (2012) Curcumin extract for prevention of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 35(11):2121–2127
Chuengsamarn S, Rattanamongkolgul S, Phonrat B et al (2014) Reduction of atherogenic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes by curcuminoid extract: a randomized controlled trial. J Nutr Biochem 25(2):144–150
Farajzadeh R, Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi Y, Dadashpour M et al (2017) Nano-encapsulated metformin-curcumin in PLGA/PEG inhibits synergistically growth and hTERT gene expression in human breast cancer cells. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 5:1–9
Farhangkhoee H, Khan ZA, Mukherjee S et al (2003) Heme oxygenase in diabetes-induced oxidative stress in the heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 35(12):1439–1448
Farhangkhoee H, Khan ZA, Chen S et al (2006) Differential effects of curcumin on vasoactive factors in the diabetic rat heart. Nutr Metab (Lond) 3:27
Fleenor BS, Sindler AL, Marvi NK et al (2013) Curcumin ameliorates arterial dysfunction and oxidative stress with aging. Exp Gerontol 48:269–276
Gao Y, Li Z, Sun M (2011) Preparation and characterization of intravenously injectable curcumin nanosuspension. Drug Deliv 18(2):131–142
Goel A, Kunnumakkara AB, Aggarwal BB (2008) Curcumin as “Curecumin”: from kitchen to clinic. Biochem Pharmacol 75:787–809
Gupta SC, Patchva S, Aggarwal BB (2013) Therapeutic roles of curcumin: lessons learned from clinical trials. AAPS J 15:195–218
Gurib-Fakim A (2006) Medicinal plants: traditions of yesterday and drugs of tomorrow. Mol Asp Med 27:1–93
Hajavi J, Abbas-Momtazi A, Johnston TP et al (2017) Curcumin: a naturally occurring modulator of adipokines in diabetes. J Cell Biochem. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.26121
Hasan M, Belhaj N, Benachour H et al (2014) Liposome encapsulation of curcumin: physico-chemical characterizations and effects on MCF7 cancer cell proliferation. Int J Pharm 461(1–2):519–528
Hatcher H, Planalp R, Cho J et al (2008) Curcumin: from ancient medicine to current clinical trials. Cell Mol Life Sci 65:1631–1652
Heger M, van Golen RF, Broekgaarden M et al (2014) The molecular basis for the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of curcumin and its metabolites in relation to cancer. Pharmacol Rev 66:222–307
Helson L (2013) Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) delivery methods: a review. Biofactors 39:21–26
Hong JH, Ahn KS, Bae E et al (2006) The effects of curcumin on the invasiveness of prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 9:147–152
Ismail NA, Ragab S, Abd El Baky ANE et al (2014) Effect of oral curcumin administration on insulin resistance, serum resistin and fetuin-A in obese children: randomized placebo-controlled study. RJPBCS 5:887–896
Ismail NA, Abd El Dayem SM, Salama E et al (2016) Impact of curcumin intake on gluco-insulin homeostasis, leptin and adiponectin in obese subjects. RJPBCS 7:1891–1897
Jagetia GC, Rajanikant GK (2012) Acceleration of wound repair by curcumin in the excision wound of mice exposed to different doses of fractionated γ radiation. Int Wound J 9(1):76–92
Jiménez-Flores LM, Lopez-Briones S, Macías-Cervantes MH et al (2014) A PPARγ, NF-κB and AMPK-dependent mechanism may be involved in the beneficial effects of curcumin in the diabetic db/db mice liver. Molecules 19(6):8289–8302
Khan MA, Akhtar N, Sharma V et al (2015) Product development studies on sonocrystallized curcumin for the treatment of gastric cancer. Pharmaceutics 7(2):43–63
Kundu P, Mohanty C, Sahoo S (2012) Antiglioma activity of curcumin loaded lipid nanoparticles and its enhanced bioavailability in brain tissue for effective glioblastoma therapy. Acta Biomater 8(7):2670–2687
Lao CD, Ruffin MT 4th, Normolle D et al (2006) Dose escalation of a curcuminoid formulation. BMC Complement Altern Med 6:10
Leclercq IA, Farrell GC, Sempoux C et al (2004) Curcumin inhibits NF-kappa B activation and reduces the severity of experimental steatohepatitis in mice. J Hepatol 41(6):926–934
Li H, Zhang N, Hao Y et al (2014a) Formulation of curcumin delivery with functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes: characteristics and anticancer effects in vitro. Drug Deliv 21(5):379–387
Li X, Chen T, Xu L et al (2014b) Preparation of curcumin micelles and the in vitro and in vivo evaluation for cancer therapy. J Biomed Nanotechnol 10(8):1458–1468
Li X, Yuan H, Zhang C et al (2016) Preparation and in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation of curcumin nanosuspension with solubility enhancement. J Pharm Pharmacol 68(8):980–988
Liu L, Zhang P, Li Y et al (2012) Curcumin protects brain from oxidative stress through inducing expression of UCP2 in chronic cerebral hypo perfusion aging-rats. Mol Neurodegener 7:S10
Liu Y, Cheng F, Luo Y (2017) PEGylated curcumin derivative attenuates hepatic steatosis via CREB/PPAR-γ/CD36 pathway. Biomed Res Int 2017:8234507
Lopez-Jornet P, Camacho-Alonso F, Jimenez-Torres MJ et al (2011) Topical curcumin for the healing of carbon dioxide laser skin wounds in mice. Photomed Laser Surg 29(12):809–814
Luer S, Troller R, Jetter M et al (2011) Topical curcumin can inhibit deleterious effects of upper respiratory tract bacteria on human oropharyngeal cells in vitro: potential role for patients with cancer therapy induced mucositis? Support Care Cancer 19(6):799–806
Madaric A, Kadrabova J, Krajcovicova-Kudlackova M et al (2013) The effect of bioactive complex of quercetin, selenium, catechins and curcumin on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy population after a two month consumption. Bratisl Lek Listy 114(2):84–87
Meng B, Li J, Cao H (2013) Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of curcumin on diabetes mellitus and its complications. Curr Pharm Des 19(11):2101–2113
Mutsuga M, Chambers JK, Uchida K et al (2012) Binding of curcumin to senile plaques and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the aged brain of various animals and to neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's brain. J Vet Med Sci 74(1):51–57
Naksuriya O, Okonogi S, Schiffelers RM et al (2014) Curcumin nanoformulations: a review of pharmaceutical properties and preclinical studies and clinical data related to cancer treatment. Biomaterials 35(10):3365–3383
Newman DJ, Cragg GM (2007) Natural products as sources of new drugs over the last 25 years. J Nat Prod 70(3):461–477
Nonn L, Duong D, Peehl DM (2007) Chemopreventive anti-inflammatory activities of curcumin and other phytochemicals mediated by MAP kinase phosphatase-5 in prostate cells. Carcinogenesis 28(6):1188–1196
Pandit RS, Gaikwad SC, Agarkar GA (2015) Curcumin nanoparticles: physico-chemical fabrication and its in vitro efficacy against human pathogens. 3. Biotech 5(6):991–997
Park JH, Kim HA, Park JH et al (2012) Amphiphilic peptide carrier for the combined delivery of curcumin and plasmid DNA into the lungs. Biomaterials 33(27):6542–6550
Peng YM, Zheng JB, Zhou YB, Li J (2013) Characterization of a novel curcumin analog P1 as potent inhibitor of the NF-κB signaling pathway with distinct mechanisms. Acta pharmacol Sin 34(7):939–950
Peng SF, Lee CY, Hour MJ (2014) Curcumin-loaded nanoparticles enhance apoptotic cell death of U2OS human osteosarcoma cells through the Akt-Bad signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 44(1):238–246
Prasad S, Tyagi AK, Aggarwal BB (2014) Recent developments in delivery, bioavailability, absorption and metabolism of curcumin: the golden pigment from golden spice. Cancer Res Treat 46(1):2–18
Priyadarsini KI (2014) The chemistry of curcumin: from extraction to therapeutic agent. Molecules 19(12):20091–20112
Parimita SP, Ramshankar YV, Suresh S et al (2007) Redetermination of curcumin: (1E,4Z,6E)- 5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy- phenyl)hepta-1,4,6- trien-3-one. Acta Cryst E63:860–862
Sari TP, Mann B, Kumar R et al (2015) Preparation and characterization of nanoemulsion encapsulating curcumin. Food Hydrocoll 43:540–546
Shehzad A, Wahid F, Lee YS (2010) Curcumin in cancer chemoprevention: molecular targets, pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and clinical trials. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 343(9):489–499
Shehzad A, Lee J, Lee YS (2013) Curcumin in various cancers. Biofactors 39(1):56–68
Shen JD, Wei Y, Li YJ et al (2017) Curcumin reverses the depressive-like behavior and insulin resistance induced by chronic mild stress. Metab Brain Dis 32(4):1163–1172
Shoba G, Joy D, Joseph T et al (2007) Influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in animals and human volunteers. Planta Med 64(4):353–366
Somparn P, Phisalaphong C, Nakornchai S (2007) Comparative antioxidant activities of curcumin and its demethoxy and hydrogenated derivatives. Biol Pharm Bull 30(1):74–78
Song SJ, Lee S, Ryu KS et al (2017) Amphiphilic peptide nanorods based on oligophenylalanine as a biocompatible drug carrier. Bioconjug Chem. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00247
Stanic Z (2017) Curcumin, a compound from natural sources, a true scientific challenge – a review. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 72(1):1–12
Tian M, Wang L, Yu G et al (2012) Curcumin promotes cholesterol efflux from brain through LXR/RXR-ABCA1-apoA1 pathway in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion aging-rats. Mol Neurodegener 7(1):S7
Tonnesen HH, Masson M, Loftsson T (2002) Studies of curcumin and curcuminoids. XXVII. Cyclodextrin complexation: solubility, chemical and photochemical stability. Int J Pharm 244:127–135
Van der Zanden LD, van Kleef E, de Wijk RA et al (2014) Knowledge, perceptions and preferences of elderly regarding protein-enriched functional food. Appetite 80:16–22
Varemo L, Henriksen TI, Scheele C et al (2017) Type 2 diabetes and obesity induce similar transcriptional reprogramming in human myocytes. Genome Med 9(1):47
Wang YJ, Pan MH, Cheng AL et al (1997) Stability of curcumin in buffer solutions and characterization of its degradation products. J Pharm Biomed Anal 15:1867–1876
Wang P, Su C, Feng H et al (2017) Curcumin regulates insulin pathways and glucose metabolism in the brains of APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 30(1):25–43
WHO technical report series-922 (2003) Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants: sixty-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, Rome, Italy
Wongcharoen W, Phrommintikul A (2009) The protective role of curcumin in cardiovascular diseases. Int J Cardiol 133:145–151
Yang X, Li Z, Wang N (2015) Curcumin-encapsulated polymeric micelles suppress the development of colon cancer in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 5:10322
Yang KY, Lin LC, Tseng TY et al (2007) Oral bioavailability of curcumin in rat and the herbal analysis from Curcuma longa by LC-MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 853:183–189
Zaman MS, Chauhan N, Yallapu MM et al (2016) Curcumin nanoformulation for cervical cancer treatment. Sci Rep 6:20051
Zhang DW, Fu M, Gao SH et al (2013) Curcumin and diabetes: a systematic review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013:636053
Zhongfa L, Chiu M, Wang J et al (2012) Enhancement of curcumin oral absorption and pharmacokinetics of curcuminoids and curcumin metabolites in mice. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 69(3):679–689
Acknowledgment
We acknowledge the Jaypee Institute of Information Technology for providing the infrastructure and literature support for conducting the detailed study presented in the chapter.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jain, A., Saxena, S., Rani, V. (2018). Comprehensive Assessment of Curcumin as a Functional Food. In: Rani, V., Yadav, U. (eds) Functional Food and Human Health. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1123-9_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1123-9_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-1122-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-1123-9
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)