Abstract
Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is under constant exposure to environmental antigens. The digestive flora is the main antigenic stimulus. A huge population of live bacterial cells, estimated at 1014 in number, colonises the human gastrointestinal tract (Luckey and Floch, 1972). Bacterial numbers and composition vary considerably along the gastrointestinal tract, constituting complex ecosystems which depend on the physiology of the host and on interactions between bacteria. It has recently been shown that GALT has the ability to develop tolerance towards resident bacterial flora (Duchmann, 1995). Conversely, the digestive flora considerably influences the development and functioning of GALT. To understand the relationships between the digestive flora and GALT, it is important to consider the evolution of bacterial equilibrium during the main biological stages of life, from a digestive point of view, i.e. infancy (up to 2 years of age), adulthood and old age, as well as the bacterial colonisation of the different parts of the intestine.
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Moreau, M.C., Gaboriau-Routhiau, V. (2000). Influence of Resident Intestinal Microflora on the Development and Functions of the Intestinal-associated Lymphoid Tissue. In: Fuller, R., Perdigon, G. (eds) Probiotics 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2768-6_3
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