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ROS in Aging and Senescence

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Reactive Oxygen Species in Plant Biology

Abstract

As an unavoidable consequence of aging and natural course of senescence, disruption of redox homeostasis due to over-accumulation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) in plant cell is observed. Plants have evolved an array of self-protective defensive tools to oppose loss of redox homeostasis due to stress-induced aging and also natural course of senescence. However, it is becoming evident that ROS, which are generated during aging and natural course of senescence, are recognized by plant as a signaling agent for triggering responses. In fact, one of the earliest events upon recognition of an unfavorable environmental cue and infection is the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The tissue necrosis triggered by reactive oxygen species (ROS) during biotic stress increases host susceptibility to necrotrophic but resistance to biotrophic pathogen. Strong evidences corroborate the view that ROS serve as a signaling agent in a systemic signaling network in plant cell leading to the expression of defense genes and triggering hypersensitive response (HR). Avirulent pathogens often induce an oxidative burst exhibiting a biphasic ROS accumulation. A range of enzyme systems like RBOH (NADPH oxidase) and SOD (superoxide dismutase) have been implicated in ROS interaction following pathogen recognition and PCD. Several PGRs like salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene can influence initiation of ROS and antioxidants, thereby influencing resistance or susceptibility of plants to pathogens and cell death. In this chapter an effort has been made to describe the implications of ROS in cellular senescence, highlighting their signaling role. Special emphasis is given on the role of ROS in programmed cell death associated with hypersensitive response (HR) in plants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, UGC Centre For Advanced Study, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India

    Soumen Bhattacharjee

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  1. Soumen Bhattacharjee
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Bhattacharjee, S. (2019). ROS in Aging and Senescence. In: Reactive Oxygen Species in Plant Biology. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3941-3_3

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