Abstract
The control of fungal plant pathogens has been characterised by repeated cycles of introduction of new fungicides and for many of them a subsequent loss of efficacy due to the emergence and selection of resistant pathogen strains. Several strategies have been proposed to prevent, or at least delay, resistance problems. Such resistance management strategies should be based on evidence interpreted within a sound experimental and theoretical framework. Industry and regulatory decisions about fungicide resistance management often cannot wait for the accumulation of new evidence, so decisions should be taken by weighing the existing evidence. In discussions on resistance management, it is often not explicit what the evidence is. In this chapter, we review experimental and modelling evidence on (1) the choice of application dose, (2) the number of applications, (3) the use of fungicide mixtures, (4) the use of fungicide alternation and (5) protectant versus curative fungicide application. At several places in the text, we stress that resistance management should not compromise effective disease control.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Birch CPD, Shaw MW (1997) When can reduced doses and pesticide mixtures delay the build-up of pesticide resistance? A mathematical model. J Appl Ecol 34:1032–1042
Bolton NJE, Smith JM (1988) Strategies to combat fungicide resistance in barley powdery mildew. Br Crop Prot Conf Pests Dis: 367–372-1988, Vol 1–3,
Brent KJ, Hollomon DW (2007) Fungicide resistance in crop pathogens: how can it be managed? Fungicide Resistance Action Committee, Brussels
Brent KJ, Carter GA, Hollomon DW, Hunter T, Locke T, Proven M (1989) Factors affecting build-up of fungicide resistance in powdery mildew in spring barley. Neth J Plant Pathol 95(S1):31–41
English AR, van Halsema G (1954) A note on the delay in the emergence of resistant Xanthomonas and Erwinia strains by the use of streptomycin plus terramycin combinations. Plant Dis Report 38:429–431
FRAC (2010) FRAC recommendations for fungicide mixtures designed to delay resistance evolution. http://www.frac.info/
Genet J-L, Jaworska G, Deparis F (2006) Effect of dose rate and mixtures of fungicides on selection for QoI resistance in populations of Plasmopara viticola. Pest Manag Sci 62:188–194
Hobbelen PHF, Fraaije B, Lucas JA, Paveley ND, van den Bosch F (2011a) Derivation and testing of a model to predict selection for fungicide resistance. Plant Pathol 60:304–313
Hobbelen PHF, Paveley ND, van den Bosch F (2011b) Delaying selection for fungicide insensitivity by mixing fungicides at a low and high risk of resistance development: a modelling analysis. Phytopathology 101:1224–1233
Hobbelen PHF, Paveley ND, van den Bosch F (2013) The value of alternation or mixtures of fungicides for delaying the selection of resistance against two modes of action in populations of Mycosphaerella graminicola on winter wheat. Phytopathology 101:690–707
Lalancette N, Hickey KD, Cole H Jr (1987) Effects of mixtures of benomyl and mancozeb on build-up of benomyl-resistant Venturia inaequalis. Phytopathology 77:86–91
Lorenz G, Saur R, Schelberger K, Forster B, Kung R, Zobrist P (1992) Long term monitoring results of wheat powdery mildew sensitivity towards fenpropimorph and strategies to avoid the development of resistance. Brighton Crop Prot Conf Pests Dis 1:171–176
Milgroom MG, Fry WE (1988) A simulation analysis of the epidemiological principles for fungicide resistance management in pathogen populations. Phytopathology 78:565–570
Paveley ND, Sylvester-Bradley R, Scott RK, Craigon J, Day W (2001) Steps in predicting the relationship of yield on fungicide dose. Phytopathology 91:708–716
Thygesen K, Jorgensen LN, Jensen KS, Munk L (2009) Spatial and temporal impact of fungicide spray strategies on fungicide sensitivity of Mycosphaerella graminicola in winter wheat. Eur J Plant Pathol 123:435–447
van den Bosch F, Gilligan CA (2008) Models of fungicide resistance. Annu Rev Phytopathol 46:123–147
van den Bosch F, Paveley ND, Shaw MW, Hobbelen P, Oliver R (2011) The dose rate debate: does the risk of fungicide resistance increase or decrease with dose? Plant Pathol 60:597606
van den Bosch F, Oliver R, van den Berg F, Paveley N (2014a) Governing principles can guide fungicide resistance management tactics. Annu Rev Phytopathol 52:175–195
van den Bosch F, Paveley N, van den Berg F, Hobbelen P, Oliver R (2014b) Mixtures as a fungicide resistance management tactic. Phytopathology 104(12):1264–1273
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer Japan
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
van den Bosch, F., Paveley, N., Fraaije, B., van den Berg, F., Oliver, R. (2015). Evidence-Based Resistance Management: A Review of Existing Evidence. In: Ishii, H., Hollomon, D. (eds) Fungicide Resistance in Plant Pathogens. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55642-8_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55642-8_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-55641-1
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-55642-8
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)