Abstract
The aim of this paper is to explain the notion of subspace defined by means of pseudodifferential projection and give its applications in elliptic theory. Such subspaces are indispensable in the theory of well-posed boundary value problems for an arbitrary elliptic operator, including the Dirac operator, which has no classical boundary value problems. Pseudodifferential subspaces can be used to compute the fractional part of the spectral Atiyah73-Patodi— Singer eta invariant, when it defines a homotopy invariant (Gilkey’s problem). Finally, we explain how pseudodifferential subspaces can be used to give an analytic realization of the topological K-group with finite coefficients in terms of elliptic operators. It turns out that all three applications are based on a theory of elliptic operators on closed manifolds acting in subspaces.
The work was partially supported by RFBR grants NN 05-01-00982, 03-02-16336, 06-01-00098 and presidential grant MK-1713.2005.1.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
M.S. Agranovich. Elliptic operators on closed manifolds. In Partial differential equations. VI, volume 63 of Encycl. Math. Sci., pages 1–130, 1994.
M. Atiyah, V. Patodi, and I. Singer. Spectral asymmetry and Riemannian geometry I. Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc., 77 (1975), 43–69.
M. Atiyah, V. Patodi, and I. Singer. Spectral asymmetry and Riemannian geometry II. Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc., 78 (1976), 405–432.
M. Atiyah, V. Patodi, and I. Singer. Spectral asymmetry and Riemannian geometry III. Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc., 79 (1976), 71–99.
M.F. Atiyah. The logarithm of the Dedekind η-function. Math. Annalen, 278 (1987), 335–380.
M.F. Atiyah. K-Theory. The Advanced Book Program. Addison-Wesley, Inc., second edition, 1989.
M.F. Atiyah and R. Bott. The index problem for manifolds with boundary. In Bombay Colloquium on Differential Analysis, pages 175–186, Oxford, 1964.
M.F. Atiyah, R. Bott, and V.K. Patodi. On the heat equation and the index theorem. Invent. Math., 19 (1973), 279–330.
M.F. Atiyah and I.M. Singer. The index of elliptic operators I. Ann. of Math., 87 (1968), 484–530.
M.F. Atiyah and I.M. Singer. Index theory for skew-adjoint Fredholm operators. Publ. Math. IHES, 37 (1969), 5–26.
M.F. Atiyah and I.M. Singer. The index of elliptic operators IV. Ann. Math., 93 (1971), 119–138.
A. Bahri and P. Gilkey. The eta invariant, Pin c bordism, and equivariant Spin c bordism for cyclic 2-groups. Pacific Jour. Math., 128 (1987), no. 1, 1–24.
M.S. Birman and M.Z. Solomyak. On the subspaces admitting a pseudodifferential projection. Vestnik LGU, 1 (1982), 18–25.
M.Sh. Birman and M.Z. Solomyak. The asymptotic behavior of the spectrum of variational problems on solutions of elliptic systems. Zapiski LOMI, 115 (1982), 23–39.
J.-M. Bismut. Local index theory, eta invariants and holomorphic torsion: A survey. Surveys in differential geometry, volume 3, pages 1–76, Cambridge, 1998.
J.-M. Bismut and D.S. Freed. The analysis of elliptic families. I. Commun. Math. Phys., 106 (1986), 159–176.
B. Blackadar. K-Theory for Operator Algebras. Cambridge University Press, 1998. Second edition.
B. Booß-Bavnbek and K. Wojciechowski. Elliptic Boundary Problems for Dirac Operators. Birkhäuser, Boston-Basel-Berlin, 1993.
R. Bott and L. Tu. Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology, volume 82 of Graduate Texts in Mathematics. Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York, 1982.
B. Botvinnik. Manifolds with singularities accepting a metric of positive scalar curvature. Geom. Topol., 5 (2001), 683–718.
B. Botvinnik and P. Gilkey. The Gromov-Lawson-Rosenberg conjecture: The twisted case. Houston J. Math., 23 (1997), no. 1, 143–160.
B.I. Botvinnik, V.M. Bukhshtaber, S.P. Novikov, and S.A. Yuzvinskii. Algebraic aspects of multiplication theory in complex cobordisms. Uspekhi Mat. Nauk, 55 (2000), no. 4, 5–24.
L. Boutet de Monvel and V. Guillemin. The spectral theory of Toeplitz operators, volume 99 of Ann. of Math. Studies. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1981.
L. Brown, R. Douglas, and P. Fillmore. Unitary equivalence modulo the compact operators and extensions of C*-algebras, volume 345 of Lecture Notes in Math. 1973.
L. Brown, R. Douglas, and P. Fillmore. Extensions of C*-algebras and K-homology. Ann. Math. II, 105 (1977), 265–324.
A.P. Calderón. Boundary value problems for elliptic equations. Outlines of the Joint Soviet-American Symposium on Partial Differential Equations, 303–304, 1963.
C. Carvalho. A K-theory proof of the cobordism invariance of the index. available at math.KT/0408260, to appear in K-theory.
A.A. Dezin. Multidimensional Analysis and Discrete Models. CRC-Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 1995. English transl.: Nauka, Moscow, 1990.
J. Eells Jr. and N.H. Kuiper. An invariant for certain smooth manifolds. Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. (4), 60 (1962), 93–110.
D. Freed. ℤ/k manifolds and families of Dirac operators. Invent. Math., 92 (1988), no. 2, 243–254.
D. Freed and R. Melrose. A mod k index theorem. Invent. Math., 107 (1992), no. 2, 283–299.
P.B. Gilkey. The residue of the global eta function at the origin. Adv. in Math., 40 (1981), 290–307.
P.B. Gilkey. The eta invariant for even-dimensional Pin c manifolds. Adv. in Math., 58 (1985), 243–284.
P.B. Gilkey. The eta invariant and non-singular bilinear products on R n. Can. Math. Bull., 30 (1987), 147–154.
P.B. Gilkey. The eta invariant of even order operators. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 1410:202–211, 1989.
P.B. Gilkey. Invariance theory, the heat equation, and the Atiyah-Singer index theorem. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, second edition, 1995.
I.Ts. Gohberg and M.G. Krein. Systems of integral equations on the half-line with kernels depending on the difference of the arguments. Uspekhi Matem. Nauk, 13 (1958), no. 2, 3–72.
G. Grubb. A resolvent approach to traces and zeta Laurent expansions. Spectral geometry of manifolds with boundary and decomposition of manifolds, Contemp. Math., 366, pages 67–93. Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 2005.
G. Grubb and E. Schrohe. Traces and quasi-traces on the Boutet de Monvel algebra. Ann. Inst. Fourier (Grenoble), 54 (2004), no. 5, 1641–1696.
G. Grubb and R.T. Seeley. Zeta and eta functions for Atiyah-Patodi-Singer operators. J. Geom. Anal., 6 (1996), no. 1, 31–77.
L. Hörmander. The Analysis of Linear Partial Differential Operators. III. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, 1985.
G.G. Kasparov. The generalized index of elliptic operators. Funct. Anal. Appl., 7 (1973), 238–240.
J. Kohn and L. Nirenberg. An algebra of pseudo-differential operators. Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 18 (1965), 269–305.
M. Kontsevich and S. Vishik. Geometry of determinants of elliptic operators. In Functional analysis on the eve of the 21’st century, volume 131 of Progr. Math., pages 173–197. Birkhäuser, Boston, 1995.
M. Kreck and S. Stolz. Nonconnected moduli spaces of positive sectional curvature metrics. J. Amer. Math. Soc., 6 (1993), no. 4, 825–850.
R. Lauter and S. Moroianu. An index formula on manifolds with fibered cusp ends. J. of Geom. Anal., 15 (2005), no. 2, 261–283.
R. Melrose. The Atiyah—Patodi—Singer Index Theorem. Research Notes in Mathematics. A.K. Peters, Boston, 1993.
R. Melrose. The eta invariant and families of pseudodifferential operators. Math. Research Letters, 2 (1995), no. 5, 541–561.
O.K. Mironov. Existence of multiplicative structures in the theory of cobordism with singularities. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSR Ser. Mat., 39 (1975), no. 5, 1065–1092.
J. Morgan and D. Sullivan. The transversality characteristic class and linking cycles in surgery theory. Ann. of Math., II. Ser, 99 (1974), 463–544.
S. Moroianu. Homology and residues of adiabatic pseudodifferential operators. Nagoya Math. J., 175 (2004), 171–221.
W. Müller. Eta-invariant (some recent developments). Sem. Bourbaki. Astérisque, 227 (1994), 335–364.
V. Nazaikinskii, B.-W. Schulze, B. Sternin, and V. Shatalov. Spectral boundary value problems and elliptic equations on singular manifolds. Differents. Uravnenija, 34 (1998), no. 5, 695–708. English trans.: Differential Equations, 34 (1998), no. 5, 696–710.
V. Nistor. Asymptotics and index for families invariant with respect to a bundle of Lie groups. Rev. Roum. Math. Pures Appl., 47 (2002), no. 4, 451–483.
S.P. Novikov. Pontrjagin classes, the fundamental group and some problems of stable algebra. In Essays on Topology and Related Topics (Mémoires dédiés à Georges de Rham), pages 147–155. Springer, New York, 1970.
R.S. Palais. Seminar on the Atiyah-Singer index theorem. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ, 1965.
J. Phillips. Self-adjoint Fredholm operators and spectral flow. Canad. Math. Bull., 39 (1996), no. 4, 460–467.
S. Rosenberg. Nonlocal invariants in index theory. Bull. AMS, 34 (1997), no. 4, 423–433.
A. Savin, B.-W. Schulze, and B. Sternin. On invariant index formulas for spectral boundary value problems. Differentsial’nye uravnenija, 35 (1999), no. 5, 709–718.
A. Savin, B.-W. Schulze, and B. Sternin. Elliptic Operators in Subspaces and the Eta Invariant. K-theory, 27 (2002), no. 3, 253–272.
A. Savin and B. Sternin. To the problem of homotopy classification of the elliptic boundary value problems. Doklady Mathematics, 63 (2001), no. 2, 174–178.
A. Savin and B. Sternin. The eta-invariant and Pontryagin duality in K-theory. Math. Notes, 71 (2002), no. 2, 245–261. arXiv: math/0006046.
A. Savin and B. Sternin. The eta invariant and parity conditions. Adv. in Math., 182 (2004), no. 2, 173–203.
A.Yu. Savin and B.Yu. Sternin. Elliptic operators in even subspaces. Matem. sbornik, 190 (1999), no. 8, 125–160. English transl.: Sbornik: Mathematics 190 (1999), no. 8, 1195–1228; arXiv: math/9907027.
A.Yu. Savin and B.Yu. Sternin. Elliptic operators in odd subspaces. Matem. sbornik, 191 (2000), no. 8, 89–112. English transl.: Sbornik: Mathematics 191 (2000), no. 8, arXiv: math/9907039.
B.-W. Schulze, B. Sternin, and V. Shatalov. On general boundary value problems for elliptic equations. Math. Sb., 189 (1998), no. 10, 145–160. English transl.: Sbornik: Mathematics 189 (1998), no. 10, 1573-1586.
R.T. Seeley. Singular integrals and boundary value problems.Am. J. Math., 88 (1966), 781–809.
R.T. Seeley. Complex powers of an elliptic operator. Proc. Sympos. Pure Math., 10 (1967), 288–307.
R.T. Seeley. Topics in pseudodifferential operators. In Pseudo-Differential Operators, 167–305, Roma, 1969.
I.M. Singer. Eigenvalues of the Laplacian and invariants of manifolds. Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, pages 187–199, Vancouver, 1974.
D. Sullivan. Geometric Topology. Localization, Periodicity and Galois Symmetry. MIT, Cambridge, Massachusets, 1970.
E. Witten. Global gravitational anomalies. Commun. Math. Phys., 100 (1985), 197–229.
K.Wojciechowski. A note on the space of pseudodifferential projections with the same principal symbol. J. Operator Theory, 15 (1986), no. 2, 207–216.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Birkhäuser Verlag Basel/Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Savin, A., Sternin, B. (2006). Pseudodifferential Subspaces and Their Applications in Elliptic Theory. In: Bojarski, B., Mishchenko, A.S., Troitsky, E.V., Weber, A. (eds) C*-algebras and Elliptic Theory. Trends in Mathematics. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-7687-1_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-7687-1_12
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Basel
Print ISBN: 978-3-7643-7686-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-7643-7687-1
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)