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Mollusca

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Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Invertebrates 2

Abstract

With probably around 200,000 extant species, Mollusca is the second-most speciose phylum after Hexapoda. However, what makes mollusks particularly interesting from an evolutionary perspective is not their richness in species as such, but rather the huge variety of body plan phenotypes exhibited by its representatives. These include cylindrical, shell-less, spicule-bearing, wormlike, crawling, and burrowing creatures (Neomeniomorpha or Solenogastres and Chaetodermomorpha or Caudofoveata), eight-shelled grazers (Polyplacophora or chitons), two-valved filter feeders (Bivalvia such as mussels and clams) as well as the single-shelled Monoplacophora (Tryblidia), Gastropoda (snails, slugs), Scaphopoda (tusk shells), and Cephalopoda (octopuses, squids, nautiluses) (Fig. 7.1; for a comprehensive recent account on various aspects on molluskan phylogeny and evolution, see Ponder and Lindberg 2008).

Chapter vignette artwork by Brigitte Baldrian. © Brigitte Baldrian and Andreas Wanninger.

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Acknowledgments

AW expresses his sincere thanks to the numerous colleagues that have offered their time to discuss various issues on molluscan and metazoan morphology, development, and evolution over the past many years, often at most peculiar times and in most inspiring locations, in particular Gerhard Haszprunar (Munich), Bernie Degnan (Brisbane), Jens Hoeg (Copenhagen), Claus Nielsen (Copenhagen), Pedro Martinez (Barcelona), Christiane Todt (Bergen), his coauthor of this paper and longtime colleague Tim Wollesen (Vienna), and many others, including the present and past students and postdocs in his labs in Copenhagen and Vienna. AW is also grateful for the generous support of the Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, during the past four years as well as the Danish Science Foundation (FNU) and the Carlsberg Foundation for previous support during his Copenhagen years. He also warmly acknowledges funding of our Early Stage Research Training Network MOLMORPH during the years 2005–2009 by the European Commission. The Austrian Science Fund (FWF) is thanked for current support of a project on aplacophoran EvoDevo (grant number P24276-B22). TW thanks Sonia Victoria Rodríguez Monje (Vienna) and all members of the Wanninger lab for help and discussions as well as the crews of the Néomysis (Roscoff) and the RV Hans Brattström (Bergen) for assistance with the collection of animals. TW kindly thanks Andreas Wanninger, coauthor of this book chapter, and Bernie Degnan (Brisbane) for their great support during the last years. The authors thank Jonathan Henry (Urbana), Reuben Shipway (Nahant), Hiroshi Wada (Tsukuba), Michael Schrödl (Munich), Emanuel Redl, Maik Scherholz, Alen Kristof, Marlene Karelly, and Marion Hüffel (all Vienna) for providing images used in this chapter.

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    Andreas Wanninger & Tim Wollesen

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    Andreas Wanninger

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Wanninger, A., Wollesen, T. (2015). Mollusca. In: Wanninger, A. (eds) Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Invertebrates 2. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1871-9_7

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