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Erfrierungen

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Zusammenfassung

Erfrierungen sind Verletzungen, die in der Zivilbevölkerung v. a. in Risikogruppen vorkommen. Nicht selten begleiten sie immobilisierende Verletzungen oder eine Hypothermie, die vorrangig behandelt werden müssen. Während bei oberflächlichen Erfrierungen meist keine spezielle Therapie notwendig ist, werden heute zur Behandlung von tiefen Erfrierungen neben der raschen Wiedererwärmung im warmen Wasserbad Vasodilatanzien wie Iloprost und Thrombolytika wie der rekombinante Gewebeplasminogenaktivator rtPA mit vielversprechenden Erfolgen eingesetzt. Die frühzeitige Durchführung einer Knochenszintigraphie oder einer MR- oder CT-Angiographie ermöglicht eine prognostische Abschätzung der Gewebeschädigung und einer evtl. notwendigen Amputation. Chirurgische Interventionen sind in Einzelfällen sofort notwendig, in den allermeisten Fällen aber erst nach Abschluss der Gewebedemarkation.

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Correspondence to R. Oberhammer .

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© 2019 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature

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Oberhammer, R., Cauchy, E. (2019). Erfrierungen. In: Berghold, F., et al. Alpin- und Höhenmedizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56396-0_21

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56396-0_21

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-56395-3

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