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Die Effekte von legalen und illegalen Drogen auf die Plazentafunktion

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Die Plazenta

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Zusammenfassung

Für die meisten Schwangeren ist die Schwangerschaft eine besondere Lebensphase, in der sie sich verantwortungsvoll dafür entscheiden, alles zu tun, was eine optimale Entwicklung des Ungeborenen ermöglicht, insbesondere, in dem sie aufhören zu rauchen und Alkohol zu trinken oder aber auch auf Drogenkonsum verzichten. Für die überwiegende Mehrheit ist jeglicher Drogengenuss obsolet, doch für eine leider nicht abnehmende Minderheit gilt dies nicht. Belastbare deutsche Daten gibt es nicht, für die USA wird von einer konstanten Zahl von 5,9 % Schwangeren mit illegalem Drogenkonsum berichtet. Eine pränatale Drogenexposition birgt eine Vielzahl von Risiken für Mutter und Kind, die zu geburtshilflichen und neonatalen Komplikationen führen können. Die häufigsten Probleme entstehen aufgrund von Störungen der Plazentafunktion: fetale Wachstumsrestriktion, Präeklampsie, Frühgeburtlichkeit, ein vorzeitiger Blasensprung bis hin zur vorzeitigen Plazentalösung und intrauterinem Fruchttod. In diesem Kapitel werden die plazentaassoziierten Effekte der wichtigsten legalen und illegalen Drogen und mögliche Pathomechanismen in der Plazenta beschrieben.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zentrum für ambulante Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Eisenberg, Deutschland

    Justine Fitzgerald

  2. Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Friedrich Schiller Universität, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Deutschland

    Ekkehard Schleußner

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  1. Justine Fitzgerald
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  2. Ekkehard Schleußner
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Ordinarius, Lehrstuhl für Zellbiologie Histologie und Embryologie, Gottfried Schatz Forschungszentrum, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Austria

    Berthold Huppertz

  2. Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany

    Ekkehard Schleußner

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Fitzgerald, J., Schleußner, E. (2018). Die Effekte von legalen und illegalen Drogen auf die Plazentafunktion. In: Huppertz, B., Schleußner, E. (eds) Die Plazenta. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55622-1_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55622-1_7

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-55621-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-55622-1

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