Abstract
Trees, shrubs or shrublets, generally evergreen, rarely herbs, mostly glabrous. Leaves alternate, generally simple, often coriaceous, entire, serrate, ciliate or with persistent or caducous teeth, secondary veins often numerous and densely parallel; stipules distinct or more rarely basally intrapetiolarly connate, persistent or caducous, entire or laciniate. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, cymose or racemose, more rarely flowers solitary in leaf axils. Flowers on articulated pedicels, generally bisexual, actinomorphic or zygomorphic; sepals generally 5, mostly distinct, imbricate or nearly valvate, caducous or persistent, sometimes accrescent, enveloping the mature bud or not; petals generally 5, mostly distinct, imbricate, contort (cochlear or quincuncial), caducous; stamens 5–10–∞, rarely 1, with sometimes persistent filaments, generally distinct, anthers basifixed, bithecate, tetrasporangiate, dehiscing latrorsely with longitudinal slits or with one or two apical or subapical pores; staminodes present or absent, distinct or ± connate, petaloid or not, sometimes completely enveloping stamens and gynoecium; nectary absent; ovary superior, (2)3(4) or 5(–15)-carpellate, syncarpous at least at the basal part of the ovary, and either entire with one apical style or deeply and apparently completely divided into five to several uniovulate lobes with one gynobasic style; style distinct from or continuous with the ovary apex; androgynophore and gynophore usually present, often inconspicuous; placentas (2)3(4) or 5(–15) basal, axile or parietal, stigmas distinct or connate. Fruit generally a septicidal capsule, rarely a nut or drupe, or separating into 2 to several blackish drupelets on an accrescent reddish receptacle. Seeds exarillate, albuminous or exalbuminous, winged or not; embryo straight or curved.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Selected Bibliography
Amaral, M.C.E. 1991. Phylogenetische Systematik der Ochnaceae. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 113: 105–196.
Amaral, M.C.E., Bittrich, V. 1998. Ontogenia inicial do androceu de espécies de Ochnaceae subf. Sauvagesioideae através da análise em microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Rev. brasil. Bot. 21: 269–273.
APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) II. 2003. See General References.
APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) III. 2009. See General References.
Bailey, I.W. 1933. The cambium and its derivative tissues. VIII. Structure, distribution and diagnostic significance of vestured pits in dicotyledons. J. Arnold. Arbor. 14: 259–273.
Baum, H. 1951. Die Frucht von Ochna multiflora, ein Fall ökologischer Apokarpie. Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 98: 383–394.
Bentham, G., Hooker, J.D. 1862. Genera plantarum 1(1). London: Reeve.
Bittrich, V., Amaral, M.C.E., Melo, G.A.R. 1993. Pollination biology of Ternstroemia laevigata and T. dentata (Theaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 185: 1–6.
Carlquist, S. 1988. Comparative wood anatomy. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer.
Chase, M.W. et al. 1993. Phylogenetics of seed plants: an analysis of nucleotide sequences from the plastid gene rbcL. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 80: 528–580.
Corner, E.J.H. 1976. See General References.
Cronquist, A. 1981. See General References.
Davis, G.L. 1966. See General References.
Decker, J.M. 1966. Wood anatomy and phylogeny of Luxemburgieae (Ochnaceae). Phytomorphology 16: 39–55.
Decker, J.M. 1967. Petiole vascularization of Luxemburgieae (Ochnaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 54: 1175–1181.
Eichler, A.W. 1871. Sauvagesiaceae. In: Mart., Fl. bras. 13(1): 397–420, t. 81–85. München: Typographia regia.
Eichler, A.W. 1878. Blüthendiagramme, 2. Teil, pp. 257–262. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann.
Engler, A. 1874. Über die Begrenzung und systematische Stellung der natürlichen Familie der Ochnaceae. Nova Acta Acad. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 37: 1–28.
Engler, A. 1876. Ochnaceae. In: Mart., Fl. bras. 12(2): 298–366, t. 62–77. München: Typographia regia.
Farron, C. 1985. Les Ouratinae (Ochnaceae) d'Afrique continentale. Cartes de distribution et clés de détermination de tous les genres et espèces. Bot. Helvetica 95: 59–72.
Guédès, M., Sastre, C. 1981. Morphology of the gynoecium and systematic position of the Ochnaceae. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 82: 121–138.
Hegnauer, R. 1969. See General References.
Hegnauer, R. 1990. See General References.
Jansen, S., Baas, P., Smets, E. 2001. Vestured pits: their occurrence and systematic importance in eudicots. Taxon 50: 135–167.
Kanis, A. 1971. Ochnaceae. In: Van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (ed.) Flora Malesiana I, vol. 7: 97–119.
Kubitzki, K., Amaral. M.C.E. 1991. Transference of function in the pollination system of the Ochnaceae. Pl. Syst. Evol. 177: 77–80.
Mapongmetsem, P.-M. 2007. Lophira lanceolata Tiegh. ex Keay. In: van der Vossen, H.A.M., Mkamilo, G.S. (eds.) PROTA 14: Vegetable oils/Oléagineux. [CD-Rom]. PROTA, Wageningen. http://database.prota.org/PROTAhtml/Lophira%20lanceolata_En.htm
Matthews, M.L. et al. 2012. See General References.
Mbing, J.N., Bassomo, M.Y., Pegnyemb, D.E., Tih, R.G., Sondemgam, B.L., Blond, A., Bodo, B. 2003. Constituents of Ouratea flava. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 31: 215–217.
Metcalfe, C.R., Chalk, L. 1950. See General References.
Nadia, T.D.L., Machado, I.C. 2005. Polinização por vibração e sistema reprodutivo de duas espécies de Sauvagesia L. (Ochnaceae). Rev. Brasil. Bot. 28: 255–265.
Narayana, L.L. 1975. A contribution to the floral anatomy and embryology of Ochnaceae. J. Jap. Bot. 50: 329–336.
Oliveira, P.S., Leitão Filho, H.F. 1987. Extrafloral nectaries: their taxonomic distribution and abundance in the woody flora of cerrado vegetation in Southern Brazil. Biotropica 19: 140–148.
Pauzé, F., Sattler, R. 1978. L'androcée centripète d'Ochna atropurpurea. Can. J. Bot. 56: 2500–2511.
Sastre, C. 1975a. Etude du genre Cespedesia Goudot (Ochnacées). Cespedesia 4: 191–214.
Sastre, C. 1975b. L'importance des caractères anatomiques dans la systématique des Ochnacées. C. R. 100ème Congrès National Soc. Sav. 2: 185–196.
Sastre, C. 1992. Vicariance et distribution géographique de quelques Ochnacées des Guyanes. C. R. Soc. Biogéogr. 68: 35–45.
Sastre, C. 2004. In: Smith, N., Mori, S.A., Henderson, A., Stevenson, D.Wm., Heald, S.V., Flowering plants of the neotropics. Princeton: Princeton University Press, pp. 274–275.
Savolainen, V. et al. 2000. See General References.
Schneider, J.V., Swenson, U., Zizka, G. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships of Quiinaceae (Malpighiales): insights from trnL-trnF sequence data. Abstracts XVII International Botanical Congress, Vienna, p. 425, abstract P1181.
Schofield, E.K. 1968. Petiole anatomy of the Guttiferae and related families. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 18: 1–55.
Schultes, R.E. 1949. Plantae colombianae XII. Botanical Museum Leaflets 14: 21–47.
Solereder, H. 1899. Systematische Anatomie der Dicotyledonen. Stuttgart: F. Enke.
Solereder, H. 1908. Systematische Anatomie der Dicotyledonen. Ergänzungsband. Stuttgart: F. Enke.
Soltis, D.E., Soltis, P.S., Chase, M.W., Mort, M.E., Albach, D.C., Zanis, M. and 10 further authors. 2000. Angiosperm phylogeny inferred from 18S rDNA, rbcL, and atpB sequences. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 133: 381–461.
Soltis, D.E., Soltis, P.S., Endress, P.K., Chase, M.W. 2005. Phylogeny and evolution of angiosperms. Sunderland, Mass.: Sinauer Associates.
Soltis, D.E. et al. 2011. See General References.
Stevens, P.F. 2001 onwards. See General References.
Takhtajan, A. 1997. See General References.
Van Tieghem, P. 1902a. Le cristarque dans la tige et la feuille des Ochnacées. Bull. Mus. Hist. nat. Paris 8: 266–273.
Van Tieghem, P. 1902b. Sur les Ochnacées. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. sér. 8, 16: 161–416.
Wallnöfer, B. 1998. A revision of Perissocarpa Steyerm. & Maguire (Ochnaceae). Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 100B: 683–707.
Wurdack, K.J., Davis, C.C. 2009. See General References.
Xi, Z. et al. 2012. See General References.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Amaral, M.C.E., Bittrich, V. (2014). Ochnaceae. In: Kubitzki, K. (eds) Flowering Plants. Eudicots. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, vol 11. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39417-1_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39417-1_19
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-39416-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-39417-1
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)