Abstract
Universality of local eigenvalue statistics is one of the most striking phenomena of Random Matrix Theory, that also accounts for a lot of the attention that the field has attracted over the past 15 years. In this paper we focus on the empirical spacing distribution and its Kolmogorov distance from the universal limit. We describe new results, some analytical, some numerical, that are contained in Schubert K (2012) On the convergence of the nearest neighbour eigenvalue spacing distribution for orthogonal and symplectic ensembles. PhD thesis, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany. A large part of the paper is devoted to explain basic definitions and facts of Random Matrix Theory, culminating in a sketch of the proof of a weak version of convergence for the empirical spacing distribution σ N (see (23)).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Akemann, G., Baik, J., Di Francesco, P.: The Oxford Handbook of Random Matrix Theory. Oxford Handbooks in Mathematics Series. Oxford University Press, New York (2011)
Anderson, G.W., Guionnet, A., Zeitouni, O.: An Introduction to Random Matrices, 1st edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2009)
Baik, J., Deift, P., Johansson, K.: On the distribution of the length of the longest increasing subsequence of random permutations. J. Am. Math. Soc. 12(4), 1119–1178 (1999)
Bornemann, F.: On the numerical evaluation of distributions in random matrix theory: a review. Markov Process. Relat. Fields 16(4), 803–866 (2010)
Deift, P.: Orthogonal Polynomials and Random Matrices: A Riemann-Hilbert Approach. Volume 3 of Courant Lecture Notes in Mathematics. New York University Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York (1999)
Deift, P., Gioev, D.: Random Matrix Theory: Invariant Ensembles and Universality. Volume 18 of Courant Lecture Notes in Mathematics. Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York (2009)
Deift, P., Kriecherbauer, T., McLaughlin, K.T.-R., Venakides, S., Zhou, X.: Strong asymptotics of orthogonal polynomials with respect to exponential weights. Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 52(12), 1491–1552 (1999)
Deift, P., Kriecherbauer, T., McLaughlin, K.T.-R., Venakides, S., Zhou, X.: Uniform asymptotics for polynomials orthogonal with respect to varying exponential weights and applications to universality questions in random matrix theory. Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 52(11), 1335–1425 (1999)
Deift, P., Gioev, D., Kriecherbauer, T., Vanlessen, M.: Universality for orthogonal and symplectic Laguerre-type ensembles. J. Stat. Phys. 129(5–6), 949–1053 (2007)
Erdős, L.: Universality of Wigner random matrices: a survey of recent results. Uspekhi Mat. Nauk. 66(3(399)), 67–198 (2011)
Ferrari, P.L., Spohn, H.: Random growth models. In: Akemann, G., Baik, J., Di Francesco, P. (eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Random Matrix Theory. Oxford University Press, New York (2011)
Forrester, P.J.: Log-Gases and Random Matrices. Volume 34 of London Mathematical Society Monographs Series. Princeton University Press, Princeton (2010)
Forrester, P.J., Witte, N.S.: Exact Wigner surmise type evaluation of the spacing distribution in the bulk of the scaled random matrix ensembles. Lett. Math. Phys. 53(3), 195–200 (2000)
Hiai, F., Petz, D.: The Semicircle Law, Free Random Variables and Entropy. Volume 77 of Mathematical Surveys and Monographs. American Mathematical Society, Providence (2000)
Hurwitz, A.: Über die Composition der quadratischen Formen von beliebig vielen Variablen. Nachr. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen, 309–316 (1898)
Jimbo, M., Miwa, T., Môri, Y., Sato, M.: Density matrix of an impenetrable Bose gas and the fifth Painlevé transcendent. Phys. D 1(1), 80–158 (1980)
Johansson, K.: On fluctuations of eigenvalues of random Hermitian matrices. Duke Math. J. 91(1), 151–204 (1998)
Katz, N.M., Sarnak, P.: Random Matrices, Frobenius Eigenvalues, and Monodromy. Volume of 45 American Mathematical Society Colloquium Publications. American Mathematical Society, Providence (1999)
Kriecherbauer, T., Krug, J.: A pedestrian’s view on interacting particle systems, KPZ universality and random matrices. J. Phys. A 43(40), 403001, 41 (2010)
Kuijlaars, A.B.J., Vanlessen, M.: Universality for eigenvalue correlations from the modified Jacobi unitary ensemble. Int. Math. Res. Not. 30, 1575–1600 (2002)
Kuijlaars, A.B.J., Vanlessen, M.: Universality for eigenvalue correlations at the origin of the spectrum. Commun. Math. Phys. 243(1), 163–191 (2003)
Le Caër, G., Male, C., Delannay, R.: Nearest-neighbour spacing distributions of the β-Hermite ensemble of random matrices. Phys. A Stat. Mech. Appl. 383, 190–208 (2007)
Levin, E., Lubinsky, D.S.: Universality limits in the bulk for varying measures. Adv. Math. 219(3), 743–779 (2008)
McLaughlin, K.T.-R., Miller, P.D.: The \(\overline{\partial }\) steepest descent method for orthogonal polynomials on the real line with varying weights. Int. Math. Res. Not. IMRN Art. ID rnn 075, 66 (2008). doi:10.1093/imrn/rnn075
Mehta, M.L.: Random matrices, Pure and Applied. Volume 142 of Mathematics (Amsterdam), 3rd edn. Elsevier/Academic, Amsterdam (2004)
Ramírez, J.A., Rider, B., Virág, B.: Beta ensembles, stochastic Airy spectrum, and a diffusion. J. Am. Math. Soc. 24(4), 919–944 (2011)
Schubert, K.: On the convergence of the nearest neighbour eigenvalue spacing distribution for orthogonal and symplectic ensembles. PhD thesis, Ruhr-Universität Bochum (2012)
Shcherbina, M.: Orthogonal and symplectic matrix models: universality and other properties. Commun. Math. Phys. 307(3), 761–790 (2011)
Soshnikov, A.: Level spacings distribution for large random matrices: Gaussian fluctuations. Ann. Math. 148(2), 573–617 (1998)
Tao, T.: Topics in Random Matrix Theory. Volume of 132 Graduate Studies in Mathematics. American Mathematical Society, Providence (2012)
Tao, T., Vu, V.: Random matrices: universality of local eigenvalue statistics. Acta Math. 206(1), 127–204 (2011)
Tracy, C.A., Widom, H.: Correlation functions, cluster functions, and spacing distributions for random matrices. J. Stat. Phys. 92(5–6), 809–835 (1998)
Tracy, C.A., Widom, H.: Matrix kernels for the Gaussian orthogonal and symplectic ensembles. Ann. Inst. Fourier (Grenoble) 55(6), 2197–2207 (2005)
Vanlessen, M.: Strong asymptotics of Laguerre-type orthogonal polynomials and applications in random matrix theory. Constr. Approx. 25(2), 125–175 (2007)
Widom, H.: On the relation between orthogonal, symplectic and unitary matrix ensembles. J. Stat. Phys. 94(3–4), 47–363 (1999)
Wishart, J.: The generalised product moment distribution in samples from a normal multivariate population. Biometrika 20A(1/2), 32–52 (1928)
Zirnbauer, M.R.: Symmetry classes. In: Akemann, G., Baik, J., Di Francesco, P. (eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Random Matrix Theory. Oxford University Press, New York (2011)
Acknowledgements
Both authors acknowledge support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft in the framework of the SFB/TR 12 “Symmetries and Universality in Mesoscopic Systems”. We are grateful to Peter Forrester for useful remarks.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kriecherbauer, T., Schubert, K. (2013). Spacings: An Example for Universality in Random Matrix Theory. In: Alsmeyer, G., Löwe, M. (eds) Random Matrices and Iterated Random Functions. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics, vol 53. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38806-4_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38806-4_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-38805-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-38806-4
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)