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Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Measurements for Dielectric Materials and Metals

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Advancement in Sensing Technology

Part of the book series: Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation ((SSMI,volume 1))

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Abstract

This chapter describes an optical sensing system for elemental analysis using laser-induced electro-avalanche fluorescence on wide bandgap materials, and laser-induced plasma on metal objects. This method of measurement and analysis is called “laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy” (LIBS). In LIBS, the vaporizing and exciting plasma is produced by high-powered focused laser pulses. Pulses from a laser are focused on the sample using a lens, and plasma emission light is collected and collimated using a second lens. The light is transported to a wavelength selective device on the spectrograph, and recorded time-resolved, or gate setting, devices to improve the signal-to-noise and signal-to-background ratio. This provides discrimination against interference from an emission continuum, called “bremsstrahlung.” Plasma light is initially dominated by a white light continuum, that has little intensity variation as a function of wavelength because of bremsstrahlung and radiation from the plasma as free electrons and ions recombine in the plasma cooling process. If the emission is recorded over the entire time, this light continuum seriously interferes with the detection of weaker emissions from atomic species. For this reason, temporal resolving measurement is carried out using LIBS. This chapter introduces a LIBS system applied to wide-bandgap materials like sodium, and metal objects containing small metal particles.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Information Production and Systems, Waseda University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan

    S. Ikezawa, M. Wakamatsu & T. Ueda

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  1. S. Ikezawa
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  2. M. Wakamatsu
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  3. T. Ueda
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Correspondence to S. Ikezawa .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering and Advanced Techn, AgHort Bldg A, Rm 3.77, Massey University (Manawatu Campus), Manawatu Campus, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand

    Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay

  2. Institute of Fundamental Sciences (IFS), Massey University (Turitea), Woodgate Court 12, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand

    Krishanthi P. Jayasundera

  3. , Inst. of Elect. Measurement, Graz University of Technology, Kopernikusgasse 24/IV, Graz, 8010, Austria

    Anton Fuchs

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Ikezawa, S., Wakamatsu, M., Ueda, T. (2013). Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Measurements for Dielectric Materials and Metals. In: Mukhopadhyay, S., Jayasundera, K., Fuchs, A. (eds) Advancement in Sensing Technology. Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32180-1_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32180-1_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-32179-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-32180-1

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