Abstract
Growth and productivity of higher plants are adversely affected by various environmental stresses which are of two main types, biotic and abiotic, depending on the source of stress. Broad range of abiotic stresses includes osmotic stress caused by drought, salinity, high or low temperatures, freezing, or flooding, as well as ionic, nutrient, or metal stresses, and others caused by mechanical factors, light, or radiation. Plants contrary to animals cannot escape from these environmental constraints, and over the course of evolution, they have developed some physiological, biochemical, or molecular mechanisms to overcome effects of stress. Phytohormones such as auxin, cytokinin, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, salicylic acid, gibberellic acid, and few others, besides their functions during germination, growth, development, and flowering, play key roles and coordinate various signal transduction pathways in plants during responses to environmental stresses. Complex networks of gene regulation by these phytohormones under abiotic stresses involve various cis- or trans-acting elements. Some of the transcription factors regulated by phytohormones include ARF, AREB/ABF, DREB, MYC/MYB, NAC, and others. Changes in gene expression, protein synthesis, modification, or degradation initiated by or coupled to these transcription factors and their corresponding cis-acting elements are briefly summarized in this work. Moreover, crosstalk between signal transduction pathways involving phytohormones is explained in regard to transcriptional or translational regulation under abiotic stresses.
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Eyidogan, F., Oz, M.T., Yucel, M., Oktem, H.A. (2012). Signal Transduction of Phytohormones Under Abiotic Stresses. In: Khan, N., Nazar, R., Iqbal, N., Anjum, N. (eds) Phytohormones and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25829-9_1
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