Abstract
In recent years many algorithms and protocols for applications in wireless sensor networks (WSN) have been introduced. These include, e.g, solutions for routing and event notifications. Common among them is the need to adjust the basic operation to particular operating conditions by means of changing algorithmic parameters. In most applications, parameters have to be set carefully before nodes are deployed to a particular environment. But what happens to the system performance, if the operating conditions change to unforeseen situations at runtime?
In this paper, we present the Organic Network Control (ONC) system and its application to WSNs. ONC is a system for adapting network protocols in response to environmental changes at runtime. Being generic in nature, ONC regards existing protocols as black box systems with an interface to changeable protocol parameters. ONC detects environmental changes locally at each node and applies changes to the protocol parameters by means of lightweight machine learning techniques. More complex exploration of possible parameters is transferred to powerful nodes, such as sink nodes. As an example we show how ONC can be applied to an exemplary WSN protocol for event detection and how performance in the ONC controlled system increases over fixed settings of the protocol.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Tomforde, S., Cakar, E., Hähner, J.: Dynamic Control of Network Protocols - A new vision for future self-organised networks. In: Proc. of the 6th Int. Conf. on Informatics in Control, Automation, and Robotics (ICINCO 2009), pp. 285–290 (2009)
Tomforde, S., Hurling, B., Hähner, J.: Dynamic control of mobile ad-hoc networks - network protocol parameter adaptation using organic network control. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation, and Robotics (ICINCO 2010), vol. 1, INSTICC ,pp. 28–35 (2010)
Tomforde, S., Steffen, M., Hähner, J., Müller-Schloer, C.: Towards an Organic Network Control System. In: González Nieto, J., Reif, W., Wang, G., Indulska, J. (eds.) ATC 2009. LNCS, vol. 5586, pp. 2–16. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)
Wilson, S.W.: Classifier fitness based on accuracy. Evolutionary Computation 3(2), 149–175 (1995)
Lim, H.B., Lam, V.T., Foo, M.C., Zeng, Y.: An adaptive distributed resource allocation scheme for sensor networks. In: Cao, J., Stojmenovic, I., Jia, X., Das, S.K. (eds.) MSN 2006. LNCS, vol. 4325, pp. 770–781. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Whiteson, S., Stone, P.: Towards autonomic computing: adaptive network routing and scheduling. In: Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Autonomic Computing (ICAC 2004), pp. 286–287 (2004)
Schöler, T., Müller-Schloer, C.: Design, implementation and validation of a generic and reconfigurable protocol stack framework for mobile terminals. In: Proc. of the 24th Int. Conf. on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops, pp. 362–367 (2004)
Rosa, L., Rodrigues, L., Lopes, A.: Appia to R-Appia: Refactoring a Protocol Composition Framework for Dynamic Reconfiguration. Technical report, Department of Informatics, University of Lisbon (2007)
Ye, T., Harrison, D., Mo, B., Sikdar, B., Kaur, H.T., Kalyanaraman, S., Szymanski, B., Vastola, K.: Network Management and Control Using Collaborative On-line Simulation. In: Proceedings of IEEE ICC, 06 2001, IEEE, Helsinki (2001)
Georganopoulos, N., Lewis, T.: A framework for dynamic link and network layer protocol optimisation. Mobile and Wireless Communications Summit, 2007. 16th IST, 1–5 (2007)
Carballido, J.A., Ponzoni, I., Brignole, N.B.: Cgd-ga: A graph-based genetic algorithm for sensor network design. Inf. Sci. 177(22), 5091–5102 (2007)
Marks, M., Niewiadomska-Szynkiewicz, E.: Two-phase stochastic optimization to sensor network localization. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications (SensorComm 2007), Octber 2007, pp. 134–139 (2007)
Kulkarni, R.V., Venayagamoorthy, G.K.: Neural network based secure media access control protocol for wireless sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2009), pp. 1680–1687 (June 2009)
Foerster, A.: Machine Learning Techniques Applied to Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks: Guide and Survey. In: Proc. of the 3rd Int. Conf. on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information (ISSNIP 2007), pp. 365–370 (2007)
Boyan, J.A., Littman, M.L.: Packet routing in dynamically changing networks: A reinforcement learning approach. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 6, pp. 671–678. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (1994)
Rossi, M., Zorzi, M., Rao, R.R.: Statistically assisted routing algorithms (sara) for hop count based forwarding in wireless sensor networks. Wirel. Netw. 14(1), 55–70 (2008)
Richter, U., Mnif, M., Branke, J., Müller-Schloer, C., Schmeck, H.: Towards a generic observer/controller architecture for Organic Computing. In: Tagungsband der GI Jahrestagung, pp. 112–119 (2006)
Raghavendra, C.S., Znati, T., Sivalingam, K.M.: Wireless Sensor Networks, 2nd edn. ERCOFTAC Series. Springer, Netherlands (2004)
North, M.J., Collier, N.T., Vos, J.R.: Experiences creating three implementations of the repast agent modeling toolkit. ACM Trans. Model. Comput. Simul. 16(1), 1–25 (2006)
Schmeck, H., Müller-Schloer, C.: A characterization of key properties of environment-mediated multiagent systems. In: Weyns, D., Brueckner, S.A., Demazeau, Y. (eds.) EEMMAS 2007. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 5049, pp. 17–38. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Tomforde, S., Zgeras, I., Hähner, J., Müller-Schloer, C. (2010). Adaptive Control of Sensor Networks. In: Xie, B., Branke, J., Sadjadi, S.M., Zhang, D., Zhou, X. (eds) Autonomic and Trusted Computing. ATC 2010. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 6407. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16576-4_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16576-4_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-16575-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-16576-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)