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Autophagy and Innate Recognition Systems

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Autophagy in Infection and Immunity

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 335))

Abstract

Autophagy is an ancient, highly conserved pathway responsible for the lysosomal degradation of cytosolic constituents and organelles that is critical in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Recent studies have illustrated an important interplay between autophagy and the innate immune system. Signaling through innate pattern recognition receptors leads to the induction of autophagy. Autophagy is utilized by the innate immune cells to survey for virus infection through delivery of cytosolic viral replication complexes to the endosomal viral sensors. In another case, key molecules in the autophagy pathway were found to negatively regulate cytosolic sensors of RNA viruses. Moreover, it has recently become apparent that the autophagic machinery is utilized by phagocytic cells for efficient phagocytosis and clearance of extracellular pathogens. These studies shed light on the possibility that molecules classically thought to be dedicated to the process of autophagy may function in important physiological processes independent of autophagy, whereby the double-membrane structures form within the cytosol to enclose organelles and long-lived proteins. In this chapter, we will highlight key findings relevant to the role of the autophagic machinery in the innate immune system.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank Ruslan Medzhitov, Yosuke Kumamoto, Joseph M. Thompson, and Brian Yordy for critical reading of the manuscript. We would like to acknowledge all of our colleagues for their contributions and apologize to those whose work we could not cite. This work was supported by Public Health Service grants from the NIH/NIAID; R01 AI 054359, R01 AI 062428, R01 AI 064705 (to A.I.), and Virology Training grant T32 (to M.T.). A.I. is an Investigator of the Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases through the Burroughs Wellcome Fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA

    Michal Caspi Tal & Akiko Iwasaki

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  1. Michal Caspi Tal
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  2. Akiko Iwasaki
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Correspondence to Akiko Iwasaki .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Southwestern Medical Center, University of Texas, Harry Hines Blvd. 5323, Dallas, 75390-9113, U.S.A.

    Beth Levine

  2. Research Inst. Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 3-1, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan

    Tamotsu Yoshimori

  3. Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Camino de Salud NE., 915, Albuquerque, 87131, U.S.A.

    Vojo Deretic

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Tal, M.C., Iwasaki, A. (2009). Autophagy and Innate Recognition Systems. In: Levine, B., Yoshimori, T., Deretic, V. (eds) Autophagy in Infection and Immunity. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 335. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_5

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