The development of novel antifouling and foul release coatings must be considered in the context of business, government, and academic research. Existing antifouling technology is based upon the use of broad-spectrum biocides. Foul release technology is partially developed, has incompletely understood mechanisms and unknown long term fates and effects. Business is structured to register, generate, deliver, apply, and remove antifouling coatings based upon broad-spectrum biocides. Business is weak in biology and study of fates and effects beyond those required for registration. Government is structured to regulate, respond to, and support basic research. Government is not proactive or cooperative. Academics are highly competitive, still relatively isolated from reality, strong in basic research, and not well versed in business or government. Rapid progress in novel coatings technology is unlikely in this environment. Business responses to regulations and awareness of environmental responsibility will drive the process.
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Rittschof, D. (2009). Novel Antifouling Coatings: A Multiconceptual Approach. In: Flemming, HC., Murthy, P.S., Venkatesan, R., Cooksey, K. (eds) Marine and Industrial Biofouling. Springer Series on Biofilms, vol 4. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69796-1_9
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