Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Friends Need a Bit More: Maintaining Invariants Over Shared State

  • Conference paper
Mathematics of Program Construction (MPC 2004)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 3125))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

In the context of a formal programming methodology and verification system for ownership-based invariants in object-oriented programs, a friendship system is defined. Friendship is a flexible protocol that allows invariants expressed over shared state. Such invariants are more expressive than those allowed in exisiting ownership type systems because they link objects that are not in the same ownership domain. Friendship permits the modular verification of cooperating classes. This paper defines friendship, sketches a soundness proof, and provides several realistic examples.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Apt, K.R., Olderog, E.-R.: Verification of Sequential and Concurrent Programs, 2nd edn. Springer, Heidelberg (1997)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Barnett, M., DeLine, R., Fähndrich, M., Leino, K.R.M., Schulte, W.: Verification of object-oriented programs with invariants. In: Eisenbach, S., Leavens, G.T., Müller, P., Poetzsch-Heffter, A., Poll, E. (eds.) Formal Techniques for Java-like Programs 2003 (July 2003), Available as Technical Report 408, Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich. A newer version of this paper is [BDF+ 03b]

    Google Scholar 

  3. Barnett, M., DeLine, R., Fähndrich, M., Leino, K.R.M., Schulte, W.: Verificationof object-oriented programs with invariants. Manuscript KRML 122b (December 2003), Available from http://research.microsoft.com/~leino/papers.html

  4. Boyapati, C., Liskov, B., Shrira, L.: Ownership types for object encapsulation. In: POPL, pp. 213–223 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Banerjee, A., Naumann, D.A.: Ownership confinement ensures representation independence for object-oriented programs. Extended version of [BN02b], Available from http://www.cs.stevens-tech.edu/~naumann/oceri.ps (2002)

  6. Banerjee, A., Naumann, D.A.: Representation independence, confinement and access control. In: POPL, pp. 166–177 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Banerjee, A., Naumann, D.A.: Ownership transfer and abstraction. Technical Report TR 2004-1, Computing and Information Sciences, Kansas State University (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Barnett, M., Schulte, W.: Runtime verification of.NET contracts. The Journal of Systems and Software 65(3), 199–208 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Clarke, D., Drossopoulou, S.: Ownership, encapsulation and the disjointness of type and effect. In: OOPSLA (November 2002)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Cheon, Y., Leavens, G.T.: A runtime assertion checker for the Java Modeling Language (JML). In: Arabnia, H.R., Mun, Y. (eds.) Proceedings of the InternationalConference on Software Engineering Research and Practice (SERP 2002), Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, June 24-27, pp. 322–328. CSREA Press (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Clarke, D.: Object ownership and containment. Dissertation, Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Australia (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Clarke, D.G., Noble, J., Potter, J.M.: Simple ownership types for object containment. In: Knudsen, J.L. (ed.) ECOOP 2001. LNCS, vol. 2072, p. 53. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. DeLine, R., Fähndrich, M.: Enforcing high-level protocols in low-level software. In: PLDI, pp. 59–69 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  14. DeLine, R., Fähndrich, M.: The Fugue protocol checker: Is your softwarebaroque? Available from http://research.microsoft.com/~maf/papers.html (2003)

  15. Detlefs, D.L., Leino, K.R.M., Nelson, G., Saxe, J.B.: Extended static checking. Research Report 159, Compaq Systems Research Center (December 1998)

    Google Scholar 

  16. de Roever, W.-P., de Boer, F., Hannemann, U., Hooman, J., Lakhnech, Y., Poel, M., Zwiers, J.: Concurrency Verification: Introduction to Compositional and Noncompositional Methods. Cambridge University, Cambridge (2001)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Flanagan, C., Leino, K.R.M., Lillibridge, M., Nelson, G., Saxe, J.B., Stata, R.: Extended static checking for Java. In: PLDI, pp. 234–245 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Gunnerson, E.: A Programmer’s Introduction to C#. Apress, Berkeley (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Jones, C.B.: Tentative steps towards a development method for interfering programs. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems 5(4), 596–619 (1983)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Liskov, B., Guttag, J.: Abstraction and Specification in Program Development. MIT Press, Cambridge (1986)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Leino, K.R.M., Müller, P.: Object invariants in dynamic contexts. In: Odersky, M. (ed.) ECOOP 2004. LNCS, vol. 3086, pp. 491–515. Springer, Heidelberg (2004) (to appear)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  22. Leino, K.R.M., Nelson, G.: Data abstraction and information hiding. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems 24(5), 491–553 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Liskov, B.H., Wing, J.M.: A behavioral notion of subtyping. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems 16(6) (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Meyer, B.: Object-oriented Software Construction, 2nd edn. Prentice Hall, New York (1997)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Müller, P., Poetzsch-Heffter, A., Leavens, G.T.: Modular invariants for object structures. Technical Report 424, ETH Zürich, Chair of Software Engineering (October 2003)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Müller, P.: Modular Specification and Verification of Object-Oriented Programs. LNCS, vol. 2262. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Naumann, D.A., Barnett, M.: Towards imperative modules: Reasoning about invariants and sharing of mutable state (extended abstract). In: LICS (2004) (to appear)

    Google Scholar 

  28. O’Hearn, P.W., Yang, H., Reynolds, J.C.: Separation and information hiding. In: POPL, pp. 268–280 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Pierik, C., de Boer, F.S.: A syntax-directed Hoare logic for object-oriented programming concepts. In: Najm, E., Nestmann, U., Stevens, P. (eds.) FMOODS 2003. LNCS, vol. 2884, pp. 64–78. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  30. Reynolds, J.C.: Separation logic: a logic for shared mutable data structures. In: LICS, pp. 55–74 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Microsoft Research,  

    Mike Barnett

  2. Stevens Institute of Technology,  

    David A. Naumann

Authors
  1. Mike Barnett
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. David A. Naumann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science, Cornell University, 14853-7501, Ithaca, New York, USA

    Dexter Kozen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Barnett, M., Naumann, D.A. (2004). Friends Need a Bit More: Maintaining Invariants Over Shared State. In: Kozen, D. (eds) Mathematics of Program Construction. MPC 2004. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3125. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-27764-4_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-27764-4_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-22380-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-27764-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation