Abstract
When monitoring exchanges between adjacent marginal seas , measurements of the volume transport through connecting straits are essential. In such cases, acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) mounted at the bottom of ferries that regularly cross such straits can provide useful platforms for directly monitoring strait currents . However, since their observations would naturally be confined to each ferry’s set route, it would be impossible for them to observe all relevant current patterns. In addition, a ship-mounted ADCP is very expensive to install, maintain, and (when necessary) remove. In this chapter, we will describe alternative indirect remote sensing techniques that can be used to observe surface velocities in the Korea Strait between Japan and Korea . One such technique involves a high-frequency (HF) ocean radar system that can provide synoptic views of the surface velocity field with high resolutions in both space and time, even though additional processes are required to separate the geostrophic ocean currents from the ageostrophic tidal and wind-driven currents . Alternatively, slopes of the sea surface dynamic height (SSDH) can provide a geostrophic component of the surface velocity. Unfortunately, the satellite altimeters that are most commonly used to measure the SSDH field in open oceans are unsuitable for use in narrow straits. Instead, the use of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) is showing promise as a way to obtain the coastal SSDH, even though proper spatial smoothing processes are still required.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Chen HW, Liu CT, Matsuno T, Ichikawa K, Fukudome K, Yang Y, Doong DJ, Tsai WL (2016) Temporal variations of volume transport through the Taiwan Strait, as identified by three-year measurements. Cont Shelf Res 114:41–53
Cipollini P, Benveniste J, Miller L, Picot N, Scharroo R, Sturb T, Vandemark D, Vignudelli S, Zoffoli S, Andersen O, Bao L, Birol F, Coelho E, Deng X, Emery W, Fenoglio L, Fernandes J, Gomez-Enri J, Griffin D, Han G, Hausman J, Ichikawa K, Kostianoy A, Kourafalou V, Labroue S, Ray R, Saraceno M, Smith W, Thibaut P, Wilkin J, Yenamandra S (2013) Conquering the coastal zone: a new frontier for satellite altimetry. In: Ouwehand L (ed) Proceedings of 20 years of progress in radar altimetry, Venice Italy. ESA SP-710. ISBN 978-92-9221-274-2. https://doi.org/10.5270/esa.sp-710.altimetry2012
Dow JM, Nelian RE, Rizos C (2009) The international GNSS service in a changing landscape of Global Navigation Satellite Systems. J Geod 83:191–198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-008-0300-3
Fukudome K, Yoon JH, Ostrovskii A, Takikawa T, Han IS (2010) Seasonal volume transport variation in the Tsushima Warm Current through the Tsushima Straits from 10 Years of ADCP Observations. J Oceanogr 66:539–551
Gommenginger C, Thibaut P, Fenoglio-Marc L, Quartly G, Deng X, Gomez-Enri J, Chanellor P,Gao Y (2011) Retracking altimeter waveforms near the coasts. In: Vingudeli S et al (eds) Coastal altimetry. Springer, Berlin, pp 61–100. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12796-0_4. ISBN 978-3-642-12795-3
Hirose N, Fukudome K (2006) Monitoring the Tsushima Warm Current improves seasonal prediction of the regional snowfall. Sci Online Lett Atmos 2:61–63
Ichikawa K, Morimoto A, Fukudome K, Yoon JH Yoshikawa Y (2013) Coastal sea surface dynamic height monitoring by GPS mounted on a ferry boat. In: Ouwehand L (ed) Proceedings of 20 years of progress in radar altimetry, Venice, Italy. ESA SP-710. https://doi.org/10.5270/esa.sp-710.altimetry2012. ISBN 978-92-9221-274-2
Isobe A (1999) On the origin of the Tsushima Warm Current and its seasonality. Cont Shelf Res 19:117–133
Kashima M, Imawaki S, Umatani S, Uchida H, Hashibe Y, Ichikawa H, Fukasawa M (2003) Geostrophy in the intermediate and deep layers of the Kuroshio and its recirculation regions south of Japan. J Oceanogr 59:291–301
Morimoto A (2009) Evaluation of tidal error in altimetry data in the Asian Marginal Seas. J Oceanogr 65:477–485
Passaro M, Cipollini P, Vignudelli S, Quartly GD, Snaith HM (2014) ALES: a multi-mission adaptive subwaveform retracker for coastal and open ocean altimetry. Rem Sens Env 145:173–189
Passaro M, Salvatore D, Graham QD, Snaith HM, Beneviste J, Cipollini P, Lucas B (2016) Cross-calibrating ALES Envisat and CryoSat-2 Delay-Doppler: a coastal altimetry study in the Indonesian Seas. Adv Space Res 58:289–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2016.04.011
Pavlis NK, Holmes SA, Kenyon SC, Factor JK (2012) The development and evaluation of the Earth Gravitational Model 2008 (EGM2008). J Geophys Res 117:B04406. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008916
Pullen S, Rife J (2009) Differential GNSS: accuracy and integrity. In: Gleason S, Gebre-Egziabher D (eds) GNSS applications and methods. Artech House, Boston, 508 p. ISBN 978-1-59693-329-3
Takikawa T, Yoon JH (2005) Volume transport through the Tsushima Straits estimated from sea level difference. J Oceanogr 61:699–708
Takikawa T, Yoon JH, Cho KD (2005) The Tsushima Warm Current through Tsushima Straits estimated from Ferryboat ADCP Data. J Phys Oceanogr 35:1154–1168. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO2742.1
Tokeshi R, Ichikawa K, Fujii S, Sato K, Kojima S (2007) Estimating the geostrophic velocity obtained by HF radar observations in the upstream area of the Kuroshio. J Oceanogr 63:720–771
Vincent P, Steunou N, Caubet E, Phalippou L, Rey L, Thouvenot E, Verron J (2006) AltiKa: a Ka-band Altimetry Payload and system for operational altimetry during the GMES period. Sensors (Basel) 6:208–234
Wang XF, Ichikawa K (2017) Coastal waveform retracking for Jason-2 Altimeter data based on along-track echograms around the Tsushima Islands in Japan. Rem Sens 9:762. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9070762
Yoshikawa Y, Masuda A (2009) Seasonal variations in the speed factor and deflection angle of the wind-driven surface flow in the Tsushima Strait. J Geophys Res 114:C12022. https://doi.org/10.1029/2009jc005632
Yoshikawa Y, Masuda A, Marubayashi K, Ishibashi M, Okuno A (2006) On the accuracy of HF radar measurement in the Tsushima Strait. J Geophys Res 111:C04009. https://doi.org/10.1029/2005jc003232
Yoshikawa Y, Matsuno T, Marubayashi K, Fukudome K (2007) A surface velocity spiral observed with ADCP and HF radar in the Tsushima Strait. J Geophys Res 112:C06022. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jc003625
Yoshikawa Y, Masuda A, Marubayashi K, Ishibashi M (2010) Seasonal variations of the surface currents in the Tsushima Strait. J Oceanogr 66:223–232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-010-0020-1
Acknowledgements
This work is partially supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant Number JP25247076.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ichikawa, K., Yoshikawa, Y., Morimoto, A., Fukudom, Ki., Yoon, JH. (2019). Complementary Remote Sensing Observations of the Tsushima Warm Current Patterns. In: Barale, V., Gade, M. (eds) Remote Sensing of the Asian Seas. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94067-0_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94067-0_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-94065-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-94067-0
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)