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36 Growth Patterns of Mediterranean Calcifying Cold-Water Corals

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Mediterranean Cold-Water Corals: Past, Present and Future

Part of the book series: Coral Reefs of the World ((CORW,volume 9))

Abstract

Skeletal growth is a key physiological function, which in the case of calcifying organisms, provides support for the general colony structure together, whilst simultaneously providing protection for internal soft tissues. Given this fundamental importance, growth patterns can therefore reflect the health status of organisms. Additionally, engineer species forming 3D structures, such as scleractinian cold-water corals, enhance local biodiversity through the provision of new structural and hydrodynamic habitats. Furthermore, cold-water corals may be used as paleoclimate indicators, and act as sources for novel pharmaceutical compounds as well as represent significant sinks for CO2 sequestration. At time of writing, cold-water coral reefs are facing several serious threats, particularly in the Mediterranean Sea, where the combined effects of climate change and other anthropogenic environmental disturbances are interacting in regions of coral colonisation. The characterisation of the Mediterranean cold-water coral growth patterns is thus a crucial step for accurate forecasting of reef resilience under environmental change and for the establishment of adequate conservation strategies. From the organisation of soft tissues to the resulting mineralogical structures formed from the polyp to the reef scale, this chapter gives an overview of the state of the art of the current understanding of scleractinian cold-water coral growth patterns. The main environmental parameters that control calcification and their influence on cold-water corals in the context of ongoing global environmental change are illustrated with examples from studies conducted with different calcifying species from the Mediterranean Sea, utilising both aquaria and in situ experimental studies.

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Acknowledgements

FL, LC and NLB works on CWC have been supported under the chair ‘Biodiversity, extreme marine environments and global change’ of UPMC supported by Fondation Total. LC doctoral contract is supported by UPMC (ED129 Doctoral school of environmental sciences). VM work presented in this paper was made possible by the ENS Ph.D. programme. The Earth and Natural Sciences Doctoral Studies Programme is funded under the Programme for Research in Third-Level Institutions Cycle-5 and co-funded under the European Regional Development Fund. Autun Purser is acknowledged for his support in editing the English language of the manuscript. We also thank the guest editor for his advices and inviting us to contribute to this chapter, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Ecogéochimie des Environnements Benthiques, LECOB, Observatoire Océanologique, F-66650, Banyuls-sur-mer, France

    Franck Lartaud, Leïla Chapron & Nadine Le Bris

  2. Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (ISTep), F-75005, Paris, France

    Vincent Mouchi

  3. Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Mirobienne, LOMIC, Observatoire Océanologique, F-66650, Banyuls-sur-mer, France

    Anne-Leïla Meistertzheim

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  1. Franck Lartaud
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  2. Vincent Mouchi
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  3. Leïla Chapron
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  4. Anne-Leïla Meistertzheim
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  5. Nadine Le Bris
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Franck Lartaud .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Palma de Mallorca, Spain

    Covadonga Orejas

  2. Enalia Physis Environmental Research Centre (ENALIA), Nicosia, Cyprus

    Carlos Jiménez

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Lartaud, F., Mouchi, V., Chapron, L., Meistertzheim, AL., Le Bris, N. (2019). 36 Growth Patterns of Mediterranean Calcifying Cold-Water Corals. In: Orejas, C., Jiménez, C. (eds) Mediterranean Cold-Water Corals: Past, Present and Future. Coral Reefs of the World, vol 9. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91608-8_36

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