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Hsp70-Family Proteins and Neurodegenerative Diseases

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HSP70 in Human Diseases and Disorders

Part of the book series: Heat Shock Proteins ((HESP,volume 14))

Abstract

Neuronal proteostasis is a highly regulated and crucial component of neural function. Unlike other tissues and organ, cell loss due to damage and dysfunctional signaling mechanisms is not an option for the brain. Neurons are thusly dependent on the collective cellular machinery of the molecular chaperones. Hsp70, a molecular chaperone which hydrolyzes ATP to fold proteins into a functional state, has been implicated as both a driver of disease pathogenesis and a therapeutic target for the activities and associations identified in several neurodegenerative diseases. Through interaction studies, genetic models, and small molecule therapeutics which serve as chemical tools, we have gained a greater understanding and appreciation for the role of Hsp70 in several neurodegenerative diseases. This chapter will discuss the studies and tools which elucidated the role of Hsp70 family members in neurodegenerative disorders and will offer perspective into therapeutic interventions which may prove beneficial for treating these diseases.

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Abbreviations

α-syn:

α-synuclein

Aß:

Amyloid beta

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease

ALS:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

AMPA:

α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid

BAG-1:

Bcl2-associated athanogene-1

CHIP:

c-terminus of Hsc70 interacting protein

CME:

Clatherin-mediated endocytosis

fALS:

Familial Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

GA:

Geldanamycin

HD:

Huntington’s disease

Hsc:

Heat shock cognate

Hsp:

Heat shock protein

LRRK2:

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2

MAPT, tau:

Microtubule associating protein tau

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

PD:

Parkinson’s disease

polyQ:

Polyglutamine-expansions

SCA:

Spinocerebellar ataxia

SNpc:

Substantia nigra pars compacta

SOD1:

Superoxide dismutase 1

TDP-43:

TAR DNA binding protein 43

UPS:

Ubiquitin-proteasome system

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Acknowledgements

This book chapter is dedicated to the life and memory of Dr. Chad A. Dickey. We apologize to the many authors who have contributed to our understanding of the molecular chaperone and neurodegenerative disease fields, and whose work we have failed to discuss or cite.

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Correspondence to John Koren III .

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Sun, Z., Blackburn, R.J., Blair, L.J., Koren, J. (2018). Hsp70-Family Proteins and Neurodegenerative Diseases. In: Asea, A., Kaur, P. (eds) HSP70 in Human Diseases and Disorders. Heat Shock Proteins, vol 14. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89551-2_2

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