Abstract
In order to achieve the goal of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change to limit average global temperature rise to well under 2 °C, concerted action will be needed in cities to manage energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. But, what can be done at city level to move towards such a global ambitious target? The project InSMART (Integrative Smart City Planning) brought together four EU cities: Évora (Portugal), Cesena (Italy), Nottingham (UK) and Trikala (Greece), and scientific organizations in these countries in order to try and provide some answers to this question. A methodology was established for enhancing sustainable energy planning for future city needs through an integrative and multidisciplinary approach, including City Energy System Models (ESM), development of different scenarios with a participatory workshop approach, and a multi-criteria assessment for the final ranking of measures and the development of a Sustainable Energy Action Plan. It is important not to overestimate the contribution and the area of influence of city-agents to the global GHG target; but it is undoubted that municipalities are extremely well positioned for actions related to households, and their consumption in buildings and transport, for bridging locally the gap between what is perceived/known and what would be economically and technically feasible and for urban planning with a focus on significant benefits for GHG emissions reduction.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Brans JP, Mareschal B (1992) Promethee V: MCDM problems with additional segmentation constraints. INFOR 30:85–96
De Miglio R, Chiodi A, Gargiulo M (2016a) Report on optimum sustainability pathways—Cesena. http://www.insmartenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/D5.4-Optimum-Sustainable-Pathways-Cesena.pdf. Accessed 22 Sep 2017
De Miglio R, Chiodi A, Gargiulo M, Burioli S, Morigi S, Maggioli B, Gentili M (2016b) Mid-Term implementation action plan—Cesena. Available from: http://www.insmartenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/D6.5-Mid-Term-Implementation-Action-Plan-Cesena.pdf. Accessed 22 Sep 2017
Dias L, Seixas J, Gouveia JP (2015) Assessment of RES potential at city level. The case of solar technologies. WP4, T4.4. INSMART Integrative Smart City Planning project (ENER/FP7/314164). Available from: http://www.insmartenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/I.R.12.WP4-Assessment-of-Solar-Potential.pdf. Accessed 22 Sep 2017
Giannakidis G, Siakkis P, Nychtis C (2016) Report on optimum sustainability pathways—Trikala. http://www.insmartenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/D5.2-Optimum-Sustainable-Pathways-Trikala.pdf. Accessed 22 Sep 2017
Hinkle D (1965) The change of personal constructs from the viewpoint of a theory of construct implications. Ph.D. dissertation, Ohio State University
IEA (2016) Energy technology perspectives. http://www.iea.org/etp2016/. Accessed 22 Sep 2017
InSMART (2016) Project website http://www.insmartenergy.com/work-package-5/. Accessed 22 Sep 2017
Keirstead J, Jennings M, Sivakumar A (2012) A review of urban energy system models: Approaches, challenges and opportunities. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 16(6):3847–3866
Kostevšek A, Petek J, Čuček L, Pivec A (2013) Conceptual design of a municipal energy and environmental system as an efficient basis for advanced energy planning. Energy 60:148–158
Lind A, Espegren K (2017) The use of energy system models for analysing the transition to low-carbon cities—the case of Oslo. Energy Strateg Rev 15:44–56
Long G, Robinson D (2016a) Report on optimum sustainability pathways—Nottingham. http://www.insmartenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/D5.1-Optimum-Sustainable-Pathways-Nottingham.pdf. Accessed 22 Sep 2017
Long G, Robinson D (2016b) Mid-Term implementation action plan—nottingham. http://www.insmartenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/D6.2-Mid-Term-Implementation-Action-Plan-Nottingham.pdf. Accessed 22 Sep 2017
Reckien D, Flacke J, Dawson RJ, Heidrich O, Olazabal M, Foley S, Hamann JJP, Orru H, Salvia M, De Gregorio Hutado S, Geneletti D, Pietrapertosa F (2014) Climate change response in Europe: what’s the reality? Analysis of adaptation and mitigation plans from 200 urban areas in 11 countries. Clim Change 122(1):331–340
Simoes S, Dias L, Gouveia JP, Seixas J (2016) Report on optimum sustainability pathways—Évora. http://www.insmartenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/D5.3-Optimum-Sustainable-Pathways-Evora.pdf. Accessed 25 Sep 2017
Simoes S, Dias L, Gouveia JP, Seixas J (2016) Report on the multicriteria methodology, the process and the results of the decision making—Évora. http://www.insmartenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/D5.7-Report-on-the-Multi-criteria-methodology-Evora.pdf. Accessed 25 Sep 2017
Stavrakakis G, Nychtis C, Giannakidis G (2016) Report on the multicriteria methodology, the process and the results of the decision making—Trikala, Greece. http://www.insmartenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/D5.6-Report-on-the-Multi-criteria-methodology-Trikala.pdf. Accessed 22 Sep 2017
United Nations (2014) World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 revision, highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/352). https://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/publications/files/wup2014-highlights.Pdf. Accessed 22 Sep 2017
Xydis G (2012) Development of an integrated methodology for the energy needs of a major urban city: The case study of Athens, Greece. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 16(9):6705–6716
Yamagata Y, Seya H (2013) Simulating a future smart city: An integrated land use-energy model. Appl Energy 112:1466–1474
Zanon B, Verones S (2013) Climate change, urban energy and planning practices: Italian experiences of innovation in land management tools. Land use policy 32:343–355
Acknowledgements
This project has received funding from the European Union’s FP7 programme under grant agreement No 314164.
The authors acknowledge Nottingham City Council, Municipalities of Évora and Cesena, the Municipal Water Supply-Sewage Enterprise of Trikala (DEYAT), the technical partners FCT, Systra Consultancy, E4SMA S.r.l., University of Nottingham and CRES and all the people directly and indirectly involved in the project, as they all contributed to the development of this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Giannakidis, G. et al. (2018). Challenges Faced When Addressing the Role of Cities Towards a Below Two Degrees World. In: Giannakidis, G., Karlsson, K., Labriet, M., Gallachóir, B. (eds) Limiting Global Warming to Well Below 2 °C: Energy System Modelling and Policy Development. Lecture Notes in Energy, vol 64. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74424-7_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74424-7_22
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-74423-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-74424-7
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)