Abstract
Most of the “classic” zoogeographical regions are with very low-level endemicity that concerns the Arachnida. Even in Kingdom Notogea, there are no endemic orders or suborders. The distribution of several orders (Ricinulei, Amblypygi, Thelyphonida (Uropygi), Schizomida, Solifugae, Scorpiones, Opiliones of the suborders Cyphophthalmi and Laniatores) is defined by their thermopreferendum (stenothermy), and this distribution, limited by isotherms, is important to characterize the regions and subregions. The north of Holarctic is marked by the presence of many spiders, mites, and Opiliones – Eupnoi and Dyspnoi – and some pseudoscorpions, as far north as 82°33′ (Grant Land spiders).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Bibliography
Aguayo-Morales C, Castelo-Calvillo J, Víctor-Rosas L (2012) Análisis de la diversidad y endemismo de arácnidos (Excl. Acari) (Arthropoda:Chelicerata) de México. In: Estrada E, Equihua A, Acuña J, Chaires M, Durán G (eds) Entomología Mexicana, vol 10. Sociedad Mexicana de Entomología, México, pp 94–99
Beron P (2008) High altitude Isopoda, Arachnida and Myriapoda of the old world. Bureschiana 1:556 pp [exhaustive bibliography]
Beron P (2014) Acarorum Catalogus III. Opilioacarida, Holothyrida, Mesostigmata (Dermanyssoidea). Pensoft; National Museum of Natural History, Sofia, 286 pp
Beron P (2015) The Arachnogeography and the “lines” of Wallace, Lydekker and Weber. Historia naturalis bulgarica 22:5–30
Beron P (2016a) High altitude Isopoda, Arachnida and Myriapoda in the old world (supplementa and corrigenda 2008–2016). Historia naturalis bulgarica 23:141–155
Beron P (2016b) Arachnogeographical analysis of the boundary between eastern Palearctic and Indomalayan region. Historia naturalis bulgarica 23:5–36
Brundin L (1970) Antarctic land faunas and their history. In: Holdgate MW (ed) Antarctic ecology. Academic, London/New York, pp 41–53
Brundin L (1975) Circum-Antarctic distribution patterns and continental drift. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Nouvelle série, Sér A. Zoologie 88:19–28
Condé B (1996) Les Palpigrades, 1885–1995: acquisations et lacunes. Revue suisse de Zoologie hors série:87–196
Convey P (2010) Terrestrial biodiversity in Antarctica – recent advances and future challenges. Pol Sci 4(2):135–147
Crisci JV, de la Fuente MS, Lantieri AA, Morrone JJ et al (1993) Patagonia, Gondwana Occidental (GW) y Oriental (GE), un modelo de biogeografia historica. Ameghiniana 30:104
Darlington PJ (1965) Biogeography of the southern end of the world. In: Distribution and history of far-southern life and land, with an assessment of continental drift. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 236 pp
De Lattin G (1967) Grundriss der Zoogeographie. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 602 pp
Dickerson RE et al (1928) Distribution of life in the Philippines. Bull Sci Manila Monogr Manila 21:322 pp
Ebach MC (ed) (2017) Handbook of Australasian biogeography. CRC Biogeography series
Fet V, Sissom WD, Lowe G, Braunwalder ME (2000) Catalogue of the scorpions of the world (1758–1998). New York Entomological Society, New York
Giribet G (2000) Catalogue of the Cyphophthalmi of the World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología 2:49–76
Harvey MS (1990) Catalogue of the Pseudoscorpionida. Manchester University Press, 726 pp
Harvey MS (2003) Catalogue of the smaller arachnid orders of the World: Amblypygi, Uropygi, Schizomida, Palpigradi, Ricinulei and Solifugae. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, 385 pp
Juberthie Ch, Decu V (eds) (1994) Encyclopaedia Biospeologica
Krizhanovskij OL (2002) Composition and distribution of the entomofaunas on the Earth. Institute of Zoology RAS, Moskow, 237 pp
Kury AB (2003) Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Iberica de Aracnología, Zaragoza, vol. especial monográfico, n° 1: 1–337
Lehtinen PT (1980) Arachnological zoogeography of the Indo-Pacific region. In: Gruber J (ed) Verhandl. 8. Int Arachnol Kongr Wien, Verlag H. Egermann, pp 499–504
Lourenço W (1998) Panbiogéographie, les distributions disjointes et le concept de famille relictuelle chez les scorpions. Biogeographica 74(3):133–144
Morrone JJ (2006) Biogeographic areas and transition zones of Latin America and the Caribbean Islands based on panbiogeographic and cladistic analyses of the Entomofauna. Annu Rev Entomol 51:467–494
Morrone JJ (2014) Biogeographical regionalisation of the Neotropical region. Zootaxa 3782(1):1–110
Morrone JJ (2017) Neotropical biogeography: regionalization and evolution. CRC Press, New York, 282 pp
Procheş Ş, Ramdhani S (2012) The World’s zoogeographical regions confirmed by cross-taxon analyses. Bioscience 63(2):260–270
Reddell JR, Cokendolpher JC (1995) Catalogue, bibliography, and generic revision of the order Schizomida (Arachnida). Texas Memorial Museum speleological monographs 4. Texas Memorial Museum, Austin, pp 1–170
Schönhofer AL (2013) A taxonomic catalogue of the Dyspnoi Hansen and Sørensen, 1904 (Arachnida: Opiliones). Zootaxa 3679(1):1–68
Shelley RM, Golovatch SI (2011) Atlas of myriapod biogeography.I. Indigenous ordinal and supra-ordinal origins and distributions in the Diplopoda: perspectives on taxon origins and ages, and a hypothesis on the origin and early evolution of the class. Insecta Mundi 0158:1–134
Stockmann R, Ythier E (2010) Scorpions of the world. N.A.P. Editions, Verrières-le-Buisson, 572 pp
Udvardy MDF (1975) A classification of the biogeographical provinces of the world. IUCN Occasional Paper 18:49
Víquez C, Longhorn S (2016) Arachnids of Central America. Online at http://arachnids.myspecies.info
World Spider Catalog (2017) World spider catalog. Natural History Museum Bern, Online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch, version 18.5. Accessed on 27 Aug 2017. https://doi.org/10.24436/2
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Beron, P. (2018). General Conclusions. In: Zoogeography of Arachnida. Monographiae Biologicae, vol 94. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74418-6_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74418-6_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-74417-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-74418-6
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)